Xanthi is one of the fifty-one prefectures of Greece. It is within the East Macedonia and Thrace periphery. The capital of the prefecture is also called Xanthi .

The north of Xanthi borders with Bulgaria along the Rhodope Mountains. The south borders along the Aegean Sea.

Of special interest in the Xanthi prefecture are the Byzantine castle around the old town of Xanthi and the subterranean Macedonian tombs in Komnina from the 2nd century BC.