Oophorectomy is the surgical removal of the ovaries of a female animal. In the case of non-human animals, this is also called spaying. It is a form of sterilization.
The removal of the ovaries together with the Fallopian tubes is called salpingo-oophorectomy. Oophorectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy are not common forms of birth control in humans; more usual is tubal ligation, in which the Fallopian tubes are blocked but the ovaries remain intact.
In humans, oophorectomy is most usually performed together with a hysterectomy - the removal of the uterus. Its use in a hysterectomy when there are no other health problems is somewhat controversial.
In animals, spaying involves an invasive removal of the ovaries, but rarely has major complications; the superstition that it causes weight gain is not based on fact. Spaying is especially important for certain animals that require the ovum to be released at a certain interval (called estrus or "heat"), such as cats and dogs. If the cell is not released during these animal's heat, it can cause severe medical problems that can be averted by spaying or partnering the animal with a male.
Oophorectomy is sometimes referred to as castration, but that term is most often used to mean the removal of a male animal's testicles.
Wudu, see also Wodoo, usually translated as "ablution", is a ritual act of purification that a Muslim does before praying. There are two types of wudu. The ideal form is done with water. The Muslim first silently makes the niyat or intention to perform wudu and cleanse himself of his impurities. He begins by saying bismillah (in the name of Allaah). The actions of wudu for males follow:
Thereotically one can do one wudu for fajr salaat and be okay for the rest of the day, but certain things invalidate the ablution. They are:
Hence, most Muslims perform wudu several times a day. If water is unavailable or the amount available is insufficient, one may perform tayammum, or "dry ablution."
Related topics: ghusl
Sources: Dr. Mamdouh N. Mohamed. Salaat: The Islamic Prayer from A to Z. 2003.