Microbial ecology is the relationship of microorganisms with themselves and with their surroundings. Microorganisms have special impact on the whole biosphere. They are the backbone of ecosystems of the zones where light cannot approach. In such zones, chemosynthetic bacteria are present which provide energy and carbon to the other organisms there. Some microbes are decomposers which have ability to recycle the nutrients. So, microbes have a special role in biogeochemical cycles. Microbes, especially bacteria, are of great importance in the sense that their symbiotic relationship (either positive or negative) have special effects on the ecosystem. The study of microbial ecology helps us to use microbial relation with surroundings in the favour of humanity. These advantages can be obtained in the fields of:

• Agriculture
• Industry
• Health
• Bioremediation(pollution elimination)