Online Encyclopedia
Mesoamerican languages
Genealogy
Areal
- Uto-Aztecan —5000 BP*
- Soshonean (N Uto-Aztecan) —3500 BP
- Numic (Plateau group) —2000 BP
- C Plateau
- Soshoni [SHH]
- Comanche [COM]
- Paramint [PAR]
- S Plateau
- Ute-Chemehuevi (S Paiute) [UTE]
- Kawaiisu [KAW]
- W Plateau
- Mono [MON]
- Paiute (Nothern Paiute) [PAO]
- C Plateau
- Takic (Sourthern Californian) —2400 BP
- Hopi
- Tubatulabal
- Numic (Plateau group) —2000 BP
- Sonoran**
- Piman-Tepehuan
- Piman —1000 BP • Arizona, Sonora, Jalisco • EXTINCT?
- Tepehuan • Sonora, Jalisco • 25,000
- Tara-Cahitian —2500 BP
- Tarahumara —1000 BP • Chihuahua highlands
- Rarámuri • 40,000
- Guarillo • 7,000
- Cahita (Yaqui) —2000 BP • Arizona, Sonora, Sinaloa
- Mayo • 27,000
- Opata • EXTINCT
- Jova • EXTINCT
- Eudeve • EXTINCT
- Tarahumara —1000 BP • Chihuahua highlands
- Cora-Huichol —2000 BP • Nayarit
- Huichol • 10,000
- Cora • EXTINCT?
- Piman-Tepehuan
- Aztecan —2000 BP
- Nahuan
- Nahuatl (C & N Nahuan) • México(State), Tlaxcala, Puebla, Hidalgo
- Nahual (W Nahuan) • Michoacán, Durango, W Guerrero
- Nahuat (E Nahuan) • S Veracruz, N Oaxaca, Tabasco
- Nawat (S Nahuan, also known as "Pipil") • Pacific coast of Chiapas, Guatemala, El Salvador
- Pochutec • Coast of Oaxaca
- Tamaulipeco?, Maratino? • Tamaulipas
- Nahuan
- Soshonean (N Uto-Aztecan) —3500 BP
- *Estimated split date by glottochronology
- **Some scholars continue to classify Aztecan and Sonoran together under a separate group (called variously "Sonoran", "Mexican", or "S Uto-Aztecan"). There is increasing evidence that whatever degree of additional resemblance that might be present between Aztecan and Sonoran when compared with Soshonean is probably due to proximity contact, rather than to a common immediate parent stock other than Uto-Aztecan.
Tonal
-
Oto-Pamean
- Otomian
- Otomi • Hidalgo, Guanajuato, N México(State), Querétaro • 400,000
- Mazahua • Michoacán, W México(State) • 220,000
- Chichimec • Guanajuato • EXTINCT?
- Pame • San Luis Potosí, NW Hidalgo • 3,000
- Matlatzinca-Ocuilteco • SW México(State) • 3,000
- Otomian
-
Mazateco Popolocan
- Mazatec • SE Puebla, N Oaxaca • 145,000
- Chocho • SE Puebla, NW Oaxaca • 35,000
-
Mixtecan
- Mixteco-Cuicateco
- Mixtec • E Guerrero, S Puebla, W Oaxaca • 335,000
- Cuicatec • NE Oaxaca • 20,000
- Amuzgo • E Guerrero, W Oaxaca • 20,000
- Trique • W Oaxaca • 20,000
- Mixteco-Cuicateco
-
Zapotecan
- Zapotec • Oaxaca • 400,000
- Chatino • SW Oaxaca • 25,000
- Soltec-Papabuco • Elotepec Oaxaca • EXTINCT
Non-Tonal
-
Mixe-Zoquean
-
Mixean
- E & W Mixe • E Oaxaca • 75,000
- N Mixe • S Veracruz • EXTINCT?
- S Mixe • SE Chiapas • EXTINCT
- Zoquean
- Zoque • Tabasco, Chiapas, E Oaxaca • 35,000
- Sierra Zoque Popoluca • S Veracruz • 25,000
- Texistepec Zoque • S Veracruz • EXTINCT?
-
Mixean
-
Totonacan
- Totonaca • Puebla, Veracruz • 240,000
- Tepehua • Hidalgo, Veracruz • 20,000
-
Mayan
- Huastecan
- Huastec • N Veracruz, San Luis Potosí, NE Hidalgo • 100,000
- Chicomulcetec • S Chiapas • EXTINCT
- Huastecan
-
- NE Mayan (Yucatecan)
- Yucatec • Yucatán, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Belize, N Guatemala • 650,000
- Mopán • N Guatemala, Belize • 6,000
- Itzá • N Guatemala • EXTINCT?
- Lacandon • Chiapas • EXTINCT?
- NE Mayan (Yucatecan)
-
- NW Mayan (Chol-Tzeltalan)
- Cholan-Tzeltalan
- Cholan
- Chol • Tabasco, Chiapas • 110,000
- Chontal (Yocotán) • Tabasco • 50,000
- Chorti • Honduras, E Guatemala • 65,000
- Tzeltalan • Chiapas
- Tzeltal • 120,000
- Tzotzil • 120,000
- Cholan
- Chujean-Kanjolabal • NW Guatemala, Chiapas
- Chujean
- Chuj • NW Guatemala • 30,000
- Tojolabal • Chiapas • 20,000
- Chujean
- Kanjolabal • NW Guatemala
- Solomec • 60,000
- Acatec • 13,000
- Jacaltec • 20,000
- Mochó (Cotoque) • SE Chiapas
-
- Motozintlec • EXTINCT?
- Tuzantec • EXTINCT?
-
- Cholan-Tzeltalan
- NW Mayan (Chol-Tzeltalan)
-
- SE Mayan (Quiché-Mame)
- Mamean
- Teco-Mam
- Mam • W Guatemala • 435,000
- Teco • Chiapas-Guatemala border • 5,000
- Ixilan • NW Guatemala
- Ixil • 60,000
- Aguacatec • 15,000
- Teco-Mam
- Quichean
- Cakchiquel-Quichean • C Guatemala
- Quiche • 680,000
- Cakchiquel • 430,000
- Tzutujil • 50,000
- Sacapultec • 3,000
- Sipacapan • 3,000
- Kekchi • C & E Guatemala • 375,000
- Pocom • C & E Guatemala
- Pocomchi • 75,000
- Pocomam • 30,000
- Uspantec • NW Guatemala • 15,000
- Cakchiquel-Quichean • C Guatemala
- Mamean
- SE Mayan (Quiché-Mame)
Isolates
- Seri • Sonora coast • EXTINCT?
- Purépecha (Tarascan) • SW Michoacán • 75,000
- Cuitlatec • Guerrero • EXTINCT
- Chinantec • N Oaxaca • 80,000
-
Tlapanecan
- Tlapanec (Yopi) • Guerrero • 50,000
- Subtiaba • Nicaragua, El Salvador • EXTINCT
- Tequistlatec • SE Oaxaca • 10,000
- Huave • SE Oaxaca • 25,000
- Xicaque • NW Honduras • EXTINCT?
- Xinca • SE Guatemala • EXTINCT?
- Lenca • SW Honduras, E Salvador • EXTINCT?
- Paya • N Honduras • EXTINCT?
- Misumalpan • Nicaragua • 115,000
-
Chiapaneco-Manguean
- Chiapanec • Chiapas • EXTINCT
- Chorotegan • Honduras • EXTINCT
- Mangue • Nicaragua • EXTINCT
- Nicoyan • Costa Rica • EXTINCT
Last updated: 10-24-2004 05:10:45