The following is a partial list of adjectival forms of place names in English and their demonymic equivalent.
Note: Demonyms are given in plural form. Singular forms simply remove the final 's' or, in the case or '-ese' endings, are the same as the plural form. The French plural ending of '-oise' drops the final 'e' in the singular.
Nations
(Currently extant nations)
| Nation |
Adjective |
Demonym |
|
Afghanistan
|
Afghan |
Afghans |
|
Albania
|
Albanian |
Albanians |
|
Algeria
|
Algerian |
Algerians |
|
American Samoa
|
American Samoan |
American Samoans |
|
Andorra
|
Andorran |
Andorrans |
|
Angola
|
Angolan |
Angolans |
|
Anguilla
|
Anguillan |
Anguillans |
|
Antigua
|
Antiguan |
Antiguans |
|
Argentina
|
Argentinian or Argentine |
Argentinians or Argentines |
|
Armenia
|
Armenian |
Armenians |
|
Australia
|
Australian |
Australians |
|
Austria
|
Austrian |
Austrians |
|
Azerbaijan
|
Azerbaijani |
Azerbaijanis |
|
Bahamas
|
Bahamian |
Bahamians |
|
Bahrain
|
Bahraini |
Bahrainis |
|
Bangladesh
|
Bangladeshi |
Bangladeshis |
|
Barbados
|
Barbadian or Bajan (colloquial) |
Barbadians or Bajans (colloquial)
|
|
Barbuda
|
Barbudan |
Barbudans |
|
Belarus
|
Belarusian |
Belarusians |
|
Belgium
|
Belgian |
Belgians |
|
Belize
|
Belizean |
Belizeans |
|
Benin
|
Beninese or Beninois |
Beninese or Beninoise |
|
Bermuda
|
Bermudian |
Bermudians |
|
Bhutan
|
Bhutanese |
Bhutanese |
|
Bolivia
|
Bolivian |
Bolivians |
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
Bosnian, Herzegovinian |
Bosnians, Herzegovinians |
|
Botswana
|
Motswana (plural: Batswana)
|
Motswana (plural: Batswana) |
|
Brazil
|
Brazilian |
Brazilians |
|
British Virgin Islands
|
British Virgin Islander |
British Virgin Islanders |
|
Brunei
|
Bruneian |
Bruneians |
|
Bulgaria
|
Bulgarian |
Bulgarians |
|
Burkina Faso(1)
|
Burkinabe |
Burkinabe |
|
Burundi
|
Burundian |
Burundians |
|
Cambodia
|
Cambodian |
Cambodians |
|
Cameroon
|
Cameroonian |
Cameroonians |
|
Canada
|
Canadian |
Canadians |
|
Cape Verde
|
Cape Verdean |
Cape Verdeans |
|
Cayman Islands
|
Caymanian |
Caymanians |
|
Central African Republic
|
Central African |
Central Africans |
|
Chad
|
Chadian |
Chadians |
|
Chile
|
Chilean |
Chileans |
|
China
|
Chinese |
Chinese |
|
Christmas Island
|
Christmas Island |
Christmas Islanders |
|
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
|
Cocos Islander |
Cocos Islanders |
|
Colombia
|
Colombian |
Colombians |
|
Comoros
|
Comoran |
Comorans |
|
Congo (Kinshasha & Brazzaville)
|
Congolese or Congo |
Congolese |
|
Cook Islands
|
Cook Islander |
Cook Islanders |
|
Costa Rica
|
Costa Rican |
Costa Ricans |
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
Ivorian |
Ivorians |
|
Croatia
|
Croatian |
Croatians or Croats |
|
Cuba
|
Cuban |
Cubans |
|
Cyprus
|
Cypriot |
Cypriots |
|
Czech Republic
|
Czech |
Czechs |
|
Denmark
|
Danish |
Danes |
|
Dominica
|
Dominican |
Dominicans |
|
Dominican Republic
|
Dominican |
Dominicans |
|
East Timor
|
Timorese |
Timorese |
|
Ecuador
|
Ecuadorian |
Ecuadorians |
|
Egypt
|
Egyptian |
Egyptians |
|
El Salvador
|
Salvadoran |
Salvadorans |
|
England
|
English |
Englishman or Englishwoman ; English (collective) |
|
Equatorial Guinea
|
Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean |
Equatorial Guineans or Equatoguineans |
|
Eritrea
|
Eritrean |
Eritreans |
|
Estonia
|
Estonian |
Estonians |
|
Ethiopia
|
Ethiopian |
Ethiopians |
|
Falkland Islands
|
Falkland Island |
Falkland Islanders |
|
Fiji
|
Fijian |
Fijians |
|
Finland
|
Finnish |
Finns |
|
France
|
French |
Frenchman or Frenchwoman ; French (collective) |
|
French Guiana
|
French Guianese |
French Guianese |
|
French Polynesia
|
French Polynesian |
French Polynesian |
|
Gabon
|
Gabonese |
Gabonese |
|
Gambia
|
Gambian |
Gambians |
|
Georgia
|
Georgian |
Georgians |
|
Germany
|
German |
Germans |
|
Ghana
|
Ghanaian |
Ghanaians |
|
Gibraltar
|
Gibraltar |
Gibraltarians |
|
Great Britain
|
British |
Briton ; British (collective) |
|
Greece
|
Greek, Grecian (rare) |
Greeks, Grecians (archaic) |
|
Greenland
|
Greenlandic |
Greenlanders |
|
Grenada
|
Grenadian |
Grenadians |
|
Guadeloupe
|
Guadeloupe |
Guadeloupians |
|
Guam
|
Guamanian |
Guamanians |
|
Guatemala
|
Guatemalan |
Guatemalans |
|
Guernsey
|
Channel Islander |
Channel Islanders |
|
Guinea
|
Guinean |
Guineans |
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
Guinean |
Guineans |
|
Guyana
|
Guyanese |
Guyanese |
|
Haiti
|
Haitian |
Haitians |
|
Honduras
|
Honduran |
Hondurans |
|
Hungary
|
Hungarian |
Hungarians |
|
Iceland
|
Icelandic |
Icelanders |
|
India
|
Indian |
Indians |
|
Indonesia
|
Indonesian |
Indonesians |
|
Iran
|
Iranian |
Iranians |
|
Iraq
|
Iraqi |
Iraqis |
|
Ireland
|
Irish |
Irishman or Irishwoman ; Irish (collective) |
|
Isle of Man
|
Manx |
Manxman or Manxwoman |
|
Israel
|
Israeli |
Israelis |
|
Italy
|
Italian |
Italians |
|
Jamaica
|
Jamaican |
Jamaicans |
|
Japan
|
Japanese |
Japanese |
|
Jordan
|
Jordanian |
Jordanians |
|
Kazakhstan
|
Kazakhstani |
Kazakhstanis |
|
Kenya
|
Kenyan |
Kenyans |
|
Kiribati
|
I-Kiribati |
I-Kiribati |
|
Korea, North
|
North Korean |
North Koreans |
|
Korea, South
|
South Korean |
South Koreans |
|
Kuwait
|
Kuwaiti |
Kuwaitis |
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
Kyrgyzstani |
Kyrgyzstanis |
|
Laos
|
Laotian or Lao |
Laotians or Laos |
|
Latvia
|
Latvian |
Latvians |
|
Lebanon
|
Lebanese |
Lebanese |
|
Lesotho
|
Basotho
|
Mosotho (plural: Basotho) |
|
Liberia
|
Liberian |
Liberians |
|
Libya
|
Libyan |
Libyans |
|
Liechtenstein
|
Liechtenstein |
Liechtensteiners |
|
Lithuania
|
Lithuanian |
Lithuanians |
|
Luxembourg
|
Luxembourg |
Luxembourger |
|
Macau
|
Chinese |
Chinese |
|
Macedonia
|
Macedonian |
Macedonians |
|
Madagascar
|
Malagasy |
Malagasy |
|
Malawi
|
Malawian |
Malawians |
|
Malaysia
|
Malaysian |
Malaysians |
|
Maldives
|
Maldivian |
Maldivians |
|
Mali
|
Malian |
Malians |
|
Malta
|
Maltese |
Maltese |
|
Marshall Islands
|
Marshallese |
Marshallese |
|
Martinique
|
Martiniquais |
Martiniquais |
|
Mauritania
|
Mauritanian |
Mauritanians |
|
Mauritius
|
Mauritian |
Mauritians |
|
Mayotte
|
Mahoran |
Mahorais |
|
Mexico
|
Mexican |
Mexicans |
|
Micronesia
|
Micronesian |
Micronesians |
|
Moldova
|
Moldovan |
Moldovans |
|
Monaco
|
Monegasque or Monacan |
Monegasques or Monacans |
|
Mongolia
|
Mongolian |
Mongolians |
|
Montserrat
|
Montserratian |
Montserratians |
|
Morocco
|
Moroccan |
Moroccans |
|
Mozambique
|
Mozambican |
Mozambicans |
|
Myanmar (2)
|
??? |
??? |
|
Namibia
|
Namibian |
Namibians |
|
Nepal
|
Nepalese |
Nepalese |
|
Netherlands
|
Dutch |
Dutchman or Dutchwoman ; Dutch (collective) |
|
Netherlands Antilles
|
Dutch Antillean |
Dutch Antilleans |
|
New Caledonia
|
New Caledonian |
New Caledonians |
|
New Zealand
|
New Zealand |
New Zealanders or Kiwis (colloquial) |
|
Nicaragua
|
Nicaraguan |
Nicaraguans |
|
Niger
|
Nigerien |
Nigeriens |
|
Nigeria
|
Nigerian |
Nigerians |
|
Norway
|
Norwegian |
Norwegian |
|
Oman
|
Omani |
Omanis |
|
Pakistan
|
Pakistani |
Pakistanis |
|
Panama
|
Panamanian |
Panamanians |
|
Papua New Guinea
|
Papua New Guinean or Papuan |
Papua New Guineans or Papuans |
|
Paraguay
|
Paraguayan |
Paraguayans |
|
Peru
|
Peruvian |
Peruvians |
|
Philippines
|
Philippine |
Filipinos or Filipinas |
|
Pitcairn Island
|
Pitcairn Islander |
Pitcairn Islanders |
|
Poland
|
Polish |
Poles |
|
Portugal
|
Portuguese |
Portuguese |
|
Puerto Rico
|
Puerto Rican |
Puerto Ricans or Boricuas |
|
Qatar
|
Qatari |
Qataris |
|
Réunion
|
Réunionese |
Réunionese |
|
Romania
|
Romanian |
Romanians |
|
Russia
|
Russian |
Russians |
|
Rwanda
|
Rwandan |
Rwandans |
|
Saint Helena
|
Saint Helenian |
Saint Helenians |
|
Saint Kitts and Nevis
|
Kittitian or Nevisian |
Kittitians or Nevisians |
|
Saint Lucia
|
Saint Lucian |
Saint Lucians |
|
Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
|
Saint-Pierrais or Miquelonnais |
Saint-Pierrais or Miquelonnais (singular same for each) |
|
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
|
Saint Vincentian or Vincentian |
Saint Vincentians or Vincentians |
|
Samoa
|
Samoan |
Samoans |
|
San Marino
|
Sammarinese |
Sammarinese |
|
São Tomé and Príncipe
|
São Toméan |
São Toméans |
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Saudi or Saudi Arabian |
Saudis or Saudi Arabians |
|
Scotland
|
Scottish or Scots |
Scots, Scotsman or Scotswoman |
|
Senegal
|
Senegalese |
Senegalese |
|
Serbia and Montenegro
|
Serbian or Montenegrin |
Serbs or Montenegrins |
|
Seychelles
|
Seychellois |
Seychellois |
|
Sierra Leone
|
Sierra Leonean |
Sierra Leoneans |
|
Singapore
|
Singapore |
Singaporeans |
|
Slovakia
|
Slovak |
Slovaks |
|
Slovenia
|
Slovenian |
Slovenes |
|
Solomon Islands
|
Solomon Islander |
Solomon Islanders |
|
Somalia
|
Somali |
Somalis |
|
South Africa
|
South African |
South Africans |
|
Spain
|
Spanish |
Spaniards |
|
Sri Lanka
|
Sri Lankan |
Sri Lankans |
|
Sudan
|
Sudanese |
Sudanese |
|
Surinam
|
Surinamese |
Surinamers |
|
Swaziland
|
Swazi |
Swazis |
|
Sweden
|
Swedish |
Swedes |
|
Switzerland
|
Swiss |
Swiss |
|
Syria
|
Syrian |
Syrians |
|
Taiwan
|
Taiwanese |
Taiwanese |
|
Tajikistan
|
Tajikistani |
Tajikistanis |
|
Tanzania
|
Tanzanian |
Tanzanians |
|
Thailand
|
Thai |
Thai |
|
Togo
|
Togolese |
Togolese |
|
Tonga
|
Tongan |
Tongans |
|
Trinidad and Tobago
|
Trinidadian or Tobagonian |
Trinidadians or Tobagonians |
|
Tunisia
|
Tunisian |
Tunisians |
|
Turkey
|
Turkish |
Turks |
|
Turkmenistan
|
Turkmen |
Turkmens |
|
Turks and Caicos Islands
|
none |
none |
|
Tuvalu
|
Tuvaluan |
Tuvaluans |
|
Uganda
|
Ugandan |
Ugandans |
|
Ukraine
|
Ukrainian |
Ukrainians |
|
United Arab Emirates
|
Emirati |
Emiratis |
|
United Kingdom
|
British |
Briton ; British (collective) |
|
United States
|
American (3) |
Americans ; Yankees or Yanks (colloquial)
|
|
Uruguay
|
Uruguayan |
Uruguayans |
|
Uzbekistan
|
Uzbekistani |
Uzbekistanis |
|
Vanuatu
|
Ni-Vanuatu |
Ni-Vanuatu |
|
Venezuela
|
Venezuelan |
Venezuelans |
|
Vietnam
|
Vietnamese |
Vietnamese |
|
Virgin Islands
|
Virgin Islander |
Virgin Islanders |
|
Wales
|
Welsh |
Welshman or Welshwoman |
|
Wallis and Futuna
|
Wallisian, Futunan, or Wallis and Futuna Islander |
Wallisians, Futunans, or Wallis and Futuna Islanders |
|
Yemen
|
Yemeni |
Yemenis |
|
Zambia
|
Zambian |
Zambians |
|
Zimbabwe
|
Zimbabwean |
Zimbabweans |
Cities
| City |
Adjective |
Demonym |
|
Aberdeen, Scotland
|
Aberdonian |
??? |
|
Athens
|
Athenian |
Athenians |
|
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
|
Baton Rouge |
Baton Rougeans |
|
Berlin
|
Berlin |
Berliners |
|
Birmingham, England
|
Birminghamian |
Birminghamians or Brummies |
|
Brisbane, Australia
|
Brisbane |
Brisbanites |
|
Bristol, England
|
Bristolian |
??? |
|
Cambridge, England
|
Cantabrigian |
??? |
|
Canberra, Australia
|
Canberra |
Canberrans |
|
Chicago
|
??? |
Chicagoans |
|
Dallas
|
??? |
Dallasites |
|
Denver
|
??? |
Denverites |
|
Dublin
|
??? |
Dubliners, Dubs (colloquial)
|
|
Glasgow, Scotland
|
Glaswegian |
??? |
|
Halifax, Nova Scotia
|
Haligonian |
??? |
|
Jerusalem
|
??? |
Jerusalemites |
|
Liverpool, England
|
Liverpudlian |
Liverpudlians or Scousers |
|
London
|
London |
Londoners |
|
Los Angeles
|
Los Angeles |
Angelenos |
|
Madrid
|
Madrilene |
??? |
|
Manchester, England
|
Mancunian |
??? |
|
Melbourne, Australia
|
Melbourne |
Melburnians |
|
Naples, Italy
|
Neapolitan |
??? |
|
New Orleans
|
New Orleans |
New Orleaners ; Yats (colloquial)
|
|
Newcastle, England
|
Novocastrian |
Novocastrians or Geordies
|
|
Okinawa, Japan
|
Okinawan |
??? |
|
Oxford, England
|
Oxonian |
??? |
|
Paris
|
Parisian |
??? |
|
Portland, Oregon
|
Portlandian |
Portlanders |
|
Rome
|
Roman |
??? |
|
Seattle
|
Seattle |
Seattleites |
|
Sydney, Australia
|
Sydney |
Sydneysiders |
|
Venice, Italy
|
Venetian |
??? |
|
Valencia, Spain
|
Valencian |
??? |
|
Victoria, Australia
|
Victorian |
??? |
|
Vienna
|
Viennese |
??? |
U.S. States
Canadian Provinces
Australian States
Extinct Nations & Regions
Note: This chart includes: ancient civilisations, former colonies, dissolved countries, renamed countries, annexed countries and seccessionist states, among others.
Miscellaneous Regions
Continents
Planets
Notes:
See also
Last updated: 01-22-2005 01:26:23
