Juan Carlos Onganía Carballo (1914-1995) was President of Argentina from 29 June 1966 to 8 June 1970.

As president, Onganía supported a policy of Participacionismo, by which representatives of various interest groups such as industry, labor, and agriculture, would form committees to advise the government. This position was opposed by the military, which felt that its influence in government would be diminished. Led by General Alejandro Lanusse, they demanded that Onganía resign. When he refused, he was toppled by a military junta.

Onganía was a harsh critic of President Roberto Viola and was jailed for a short time in 1981 for speaking against the military government.

Preceded by: Arturo Umberto Illia

President of Argentina

Succeeded by: Roberto M. Levingston