James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury (October 23 1861 - April 4 1947) was the eldest son and heir of the Victorian statesman Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury. He was educated at Eton and at University College, Oxford. He succeeded his father in 1903. He was married to Lady Cicely Gore, of the earls of Arran, by whom he had issue, including the 5th Marquess of Salisbury.

The 4th Marquess was a notable Conservative leader in the House of Lords, and served in his cousin Arthur Balfour's government as Lord Privy Seal (1903-1905), and later in those of Andrew Bonar Law and Stanley Baldwin as Lord President of the Council (1922-1924). He resigned as leader of the Conservative peers in June 1931 and became one of the most prominent opponents of Indian Home Rule in the Lords, supporting the campaign against the legislation waged in the Commons by Winston Churchill.

He was Lord High Steward for the coronation of George VI in 1937.

Preceded by: The Marquess of Londonderry	Lord Privy Seal 1903–1905	Followed by: The Marquess of Ripon
Preceded by: Sir William Sutherland	Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1922–1923	Followed by: JCC Davidson
Preceded by: Arthur James Balfour	Lord President of the Council 1922–1924	Followed by: The Lord Parmoor
Preceded by: John Robert Clynes	Lord Privy Seal 1924–1929	Followed by: James Henry Thomas
Preceded by: The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston	Leader of the House of Lords 1925–1929	Followed by: The Lord Parmoor

Preceded by: Robert Gascoyne-Cecil

Marquess of Salisbury

Followed by: Robert Gascoyne-Cecil