ICANN is the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. It is a non-profit corporation which was created on September 18 1998 in order to take over a number of Internet-related tasks previously performed by other organizations, notably IANA.

The contract for ICANN came from the US Department of Commerce and was "sole sourced", which means no-one else (such as the Open Root Server Confederation which was also formed at the time to bid on the contract) was able to submit a bid to perform the task. These tasks include managing the assignment of domain names and IP addresses. To date, much of its work has concerned the introduction of seven new generic top-level domains. Its activities, however, are very controversial.

Since March 27 2003 Paul Twomey is President/CEO of ICANN.

On March 14, 2002, in a public meeting in Accra, in Ghana, ICANN decided amongst other things, to reduce direct public ("at large") participation in how it is run.

ICANN holds periodic public meetings for the expressed purpose of staying in touch with its membership. Critics note that the locations of these meetings are often in countries with disproportionally small Internet access and far away from locations that the majority of the Internet-using public can afford to reach, thus making public input less likely.

In September and October 2003 ICANN played a crucial role in the conflict about VeriSign and its much disputed wildcard DNS service Site Finder. After an open letter from ICANN issuing an ultimatum to VeriSign, the company shut down the service on October 4 2003. Following this step VeriSign filed a lawsuit against ICANN on February 27 2004, claiming that ICANN has overstepped its authority. Subject of the claim is not only Site Finder, but also VeriSign's controversial Waiting List Service. The claim was dismissed in August 2004.

At the meeting of ICANN in Rome taking place from March 2 to March 6 2004, the Corporation agreed to ask approval of the US Department of Commerce for the Waiting List Service of VeriSign.

On 17 May 2004, ICANN published a proposed budget for the year 2004-05. It included proposals to increase the openness and professionalism of its operations, but almost doubled the proposed expenditure, from US $8.27m to $15.83m. The increase was to be funded by the introduction of new top-level domains, charges to all Domain Registries, and a "tax" on all domain name registrations, renewals and transfers (initially 20c US for all domains within a country-code top-level domain, and 25c for all others). The Council of European National Top Level Domain Registries (CENTR), which represents the Internet registries of 39 countries, has rejected the 91% increase, accusing ICANN of a lack of financial prudence and refusing to support what it sees as ICANN's "unrealistic political and operational targets".

See also

• Internet democracy

External links

• ICANN web-site
• ICANN criticism
• independent ICANN news blog
• Site advocating the return of public representation in ICANN
• Community discussions involving ICANN and Internet Governance
• U.N. Summit to Focus on Internet - Washington Post article about ICANN and the UN's ITU relationship