The Earldom of Caledon was created in 1800 in the Peerage of Ireland. The recipient, James Alexander, had in 1790 been created Baron Caledon, and in 1797 Viscount Caledon. The three Caledon titles have remained united under one holder.

Earls of Caledon (1800)

• James Alexander, 1st Earl of Caledon (1730-1802)
• Du Pre Alexander, 2nd Earl of Caledon (1777-1839), elected a Representative Peer in 1804
• James Du Pre Alexander, 3rd Earl of Caledon (1812-1855), elected a Representative Peer in 1841
• James Alexander, 4th Earl of Caledon (1846-1898), elected a Representative Peer in 1877
• Eric James Desmond Alexander, 5th Earl of Caledon (1885-1968)
• Denis James Alexander, 6th Earl of Caledon (1920-1980)
• Nicholas James Alexander, 7th Earl of Caledon (b. 1955)