In Malay, Yang di-Pertuan Besar is literally "He Who Is Made Great" or "Great Ruler". This is a royal tile used by:

1. The elected monarch of the state of Negeri Sembilan in Malaysia.
2. Other historical figures, especially monarchs of the ancient Johor Empire (circa. 17-19th Century), to differentiate from the "Yang di-Pertuan Muda" ("Under King") - who is usually not Malay but Bugis. However, this was a secondary title, the primary title being sultan.