True History of the Kelly Gang is a novel by Australian writer Peter Carey. It won the 2001 Booker Prize, and the Commonwealth Writers Prize in the same year.

Supposedly scribbled down on scraps of paper by Kelly himself, the novel expands on the story told in the real life Jerilderie Letter. Carey departs from what is known about Kelly's life by providing him with a lover and a daughter, for whom he has been recording his life history whilst on the run from the police.

The book is written in a distinctive vernacular style, with little in the way of punctuation or grammar.