Online Encyclopedia
Saint Helena
- For alternate uses, see Saint Helena (disambiguation).
Saint Helena refers to both an island in the South Atlantic Ocean 2,800 km off the west coast of Africa belonging to the United Kingdom, and to the administrative unit that includes it and as well the islands of Ascension, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, Nightingale Island , and Tristan da Cunha; this article describes both.
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| National motto: ? | |||||
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| Official language | English | ||||
| Political status | Overseas territory of the UK | ||||
| Capital | Jamestown | ||||
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Governor and Commander-in-Chief |
David Hollamby | ||||
| Area | 410 km² | ||||
| Population | 7,367 18/km² |
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| Currency | Saint Helenian pound (SHP) at parity with the UK Pound Sterling (GBP) | ||||
| Time zone | UTC +0 | ||||
| National anthem | God Save the Queen, My St. Helena Island (unofficial) | ||||
| Internet TLD | .sh | ||||
| Calling Code | 290 | ||||
| Contents |
History
See main article History of Saint Helena.
The island was uninhabited in 1502 when it was discovered by Portuguese mariners.
Like every remote island in the age of sail, it was a crucial resource for sailing ships that ventured into its waters. (The important ships among these were of naval and commercial nature.) Its position on the only practical route, until construction of the Suez Canal, between Western Europe to the Indian Ocean enhanced that general role. It became a British military garrison for those reasons.
Napoleon Bonaparte spent the last part of his life in exile on St. Helena. Prominent Anglo-Boer War prisoners, including General Piet Cronje were also detained on St. Helena.
Demographics
See main article Demographics of Saint Helena.
St. Helena has a small population that remains loyal to Britain. However, the island's diminutive size and geopolitical insignificance has led many Islanders to accuse the British government of ignoring the island.
Economy
See main article Economy of Saint Helena.
The island's economy was a one crop economy for many years, but is now very weak, and is almost entirely sustained on aid from London.
The St. Helena tourist industry is heavily based around the promotion of Napoleon's imprisonment. Two sites where Napoleon lived and the valley where he was buried are French territory.
Geography
See main article Geography of Saint Helena.
Politics
See main article Politics of Saint Helena.
Communications
See main article Communications on Saint Helena.
Transportation
See main article Transportation on Saint Helena.
Military
See main article Military of Saint Helena.
External links
- Saint Helena - The Official Government Website http://www.sainthelena.gov.sh
- The French possessions on St Helena http://www.sainthelena.gov.sh/tourism/museums2.html
- Saint Helena http://www.sthelena.se -- St. Helena Foundation
- Saint Helena http://www.news.co.sh/ -- St. Helena News
- Saint Helena http://www.sthelena.tk -- Geographical research of the identity of the St. Helenians
- Bank of Saint Helena http://www.sainthelenabank.co.sh
- Images of Saint Helena http://www.travel-images.com/saint-helena.html
| Countries in Africa | ||
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Algeria | Angola | Benin | Botswana | Burkina Faso | Burundi | Cameroon | Cape Verde | Central African Republic | Chad | Comoros | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Republic of the Congo | Côte d'Ivoire | Djibouti | Egypt | Equatorial Guinea | Eritrea | Ethiopia | Gabon | The Gambia | Ghana | Guinea | Guinea-Bissau | Kenya | Lesotho | Liberia | Libya | Madagascar | Malawi | Mali | Mauritania | Mauritius | Morocco | Mozambique | Namibia | Niger | Nigeria | Rwanda | São Tomé and Príncipe | Senegal | Seychelles | Sierra Leone | Somalia | South Africa | Sudan | Swaziland | Tanzania | Togo | Tunisia | Uganda | Zambia | Zimbabwe |
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| Other areas: Canary Islands | Mayotte | Réunion | Saint Helena | Western Sahara | ||
