The South Lebanon Army (SLA) was a Lebanese militia formed in the late 1970s. It's first leader was Major Saad Haddad. Following Haddad's death in 1984, he was replaced as leader by Antoine Lahad.

The SLA was closely allied with Israel. It supported the Israelis by combatting both the PLO and Hezbollah in the strip of Southern Lebanon under Israeli control until 2000. It also ran the notorious Khiam prison on Israel's behalf. In return, Israel armed, uniformed, and supplied them with weapons.

With the Israeli withdrawal from Southern Lebanon in May 2000, the SLA collapsed in the face of Hezbollah's rapid advance. Many of its leading members were killed or imprisoned, while others managed to seek refuge in Israel. A number of members were also granted asylum in European countries, most notably in Germany.