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Rulers and Heads of State of Ethiopia

The accuracy of this list is disputed, since it was based on worldstatesmen.org, a highly erroneous website. Since this affects many pages, any discussion about this should not be conducted on this article's talk page, but on a central place like Talk:Lists of office-holders.

List of Rulers and Heads of State of Ethiopia

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)


Term Incumbent Notes
Zagwe Dynasty
916 to 919 Mara Takla Haymanot
919 to 959 Tatadim
959 to 999 Jan Seyum
999 to 1039 Germa Seyum
1039 to 1079
(or 1133 to 1172)
Yemrehana Krestos
1079 to 1119 Kedus Harbe
1119 to 1159
(or 1172 to 1212
or c1185 to 1225)
Gebra Maskal Lalibela
(Gebral Maskal Lalibela / Lallebella )
1159 to 1207 Na’akueto La’ab
1207 to 1247
(or 1212 to 1260)
Yetbarak
(Yitbarek )
1247 to 1262
(or 1117 to 1133)
Mairari
1262 to 1270 Harbai
Solomonid Dynasty
1270 to 1285 Tasfa Iyasus
(Tasfa Jesus )
Yekuno Amlak
1285 to 1294 Salomon
(Solomon I )
1294 to 1295 Senfa Ared IV
1295 to 1296 Hezba Asgad
1296 to 1297 Qedma Asgad
1297 to 1298 Jin Asgad
1298 to 1299 Saba Asgad
1299 to 1314 Wedem Arad
1314 to 1344 Amda Seyon
1344 to 1372 Newaya Krestos
1372 to 1382 Newaya Maryam
1382 to 1411 Dawit
(David I )
1411 to 1414 Tewodros I
(Theodore I )
1414 to 1429 Yeshaq
(Isaac )
1429 to 1430 Andrew
1430 to 1433 Takla Maryam
1433 to 1433 Sarwe Iyasu
(Sarwe Jesus )
1433 to 1434 Amda Iyasu
(Amda Jesus )
1434 to 1468 Constantine Zara Yakob
1468 to 1478 Baeda Maryam
1478 to 1494 Constantine II
1494 to 1494 Amda Seyon II
1494 to 1508 Na'od I Lebna Dengel
1508 to 1540 Dawit II
(David II )
1540 to 1560 Gelawdewos
(Claudius )
1560 to 1564 Menas
1564 to 1597 Sarsa Dengel
1597 to 1603 Yakob
(Jacob )
1603 to 1604 Za Dengel
1604 to 1607 Yakob
(Jacob )
Restored
1607 to 1632 Sissinios
1632 to 1667 Fasildos
(Basilides )
1667 to 1682 Yohannes II
(John I )
19 July 1682 to 13 October 1706 Iyasu Yohannes
(Jesus the Great )
1685 to 1685 Yeshaq Iyasu  ? In opposition
27 March 1706 to 13 October 1706 Tekle Haymanot I Iyasu In opposition
13 October 1706 to 30 June 1708 Tekle Haymanot I Iyasu
September 1707 to September 1707 Amda Seyon In opposition
30 June 1708 to 1 July 1708 Na’od II Tekle Haymanot
1 July 1708 to 14 October 1711 Tewoflos Yohannes
(Theophilus )
1709 to July 1710 Nebahne Yohannes In opposition
separate dynasty
14 October 1711 to 19 February 1716 Yostos Delba Iyasu
(Justus )
Solomonid Dynasty
8 February 1716 to 19 February 1716 Dawit III Iyasu In opposition
19 February 1716 to 18 May 1721 Dawit III Iyasu
(David III )
18 May 1721 to 21 May 1721 Walda Giyorgis Iyasu
21 May 1721 to 19 September 1730 Asma Giyorgis Iyasu
19 September 1730 to 26 June 1755 Iyasu II Asma Giyorgis
(Jesus II )
1736 to 1737 Hezqeyas In opposition
26 June 1755 to 7 May 1769 Iyoas Iyasu
(Joas )
7 May 1769 to 18 October 1769 Yohannes II Iyasu
(John II )
18 October 1769 to June 1770 Tekle Haymanot II Yohannes
June 1770 to December 1770 Susenyos II Iyasu ?
18 October 1769 to 13 April 1777 Tekle Haymanot II Yohannes Restored
13 April 1777 to 20 July 1779 Salomon II Adigo
(Solomon II )
20 July 1779 to 8 February 1784 Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes
16 February 1784 to 24 April 1788 Iyasu III Azequ
(Jesus III )
1787 to 1788 Iyasu In opposition
1787 to 1788 Be’ede Mariam In opposition
February 1788 to 1789 Tekle Haymanot In opposition
24 April 1788 to 26 July 1789 Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes Restored
26 July 1789 to January 1794 Hezqeyas Iyasu
(Hezekiah )
January 1794 to 15 April 1795 Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes Restored
15 April to December 1795 Be’ede Mariam III Salomon
December 1795 to 20 May 1796 Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes Restored
20 May 1796 to 15 July 1797 Salomon III Tekle Haymanot
(Solomon III )
18 August 1797 to 4 January 1798 Yonas Letezum
(Jonah )
4 January 1798 to 20 May 1799 Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes Restored
20 May 1799 to 1799 Salomon III Tekle Haymanot
(Solomon III )
Restored
1799 to 24 March 1800 Demetros Arqedewos
(Demetrius )
24 March to June 1800 Tekle Giyorgis Tekle Haymanot Restored
June 1800 to June 1801 Demetros
June 1801 to 3 June 1818 Egwale Seyon Hezqeyas
19 June 1818 to 3 June 1821 Iyoas II Hezqeyas
(Joas II )
3 June 1821 to April 1826 Gigar Iyasu
April 1826 Be’ede Mariam IV
April 1826 to 18 June 1830 Gigar Iyasu Restored
18 June 1830 to 18 March 1832 Iyasu IV Salomon
(Jesus IV )
18 March 1832 to 1832 Gebre Krestos Gebre Mesay
1832 to 1832 Sahla Dengel Gebre Mesay
1832 to 8 June 1832 Gebre Krestos Gebre Mesay Restored
October 1832 to 29 August 1840 Sahla Dengel Gebre Mesay Restored
1832 to 1832 Egwale Anbesa In rebellion
30 August 1840 to October 1841 Yohannes III Tekle Giyorgis
(John III)
October 1841 to 1845 Sahla Dengel Gebre Mesay Restored
1845 to 1845 Yohannes III Tekle Giyorgis
(John III)
Restored
1845 to 1850 Sahle Dengel Gebre Mesay Restored
1850 to 1851 Yohannes III Tekle Giyorgis
(John III)
Restored
1851 to 11 February 1855 Sahle Dengel Gebre Mesay Restored
1851 to 29 June 1853 Ali Alula Usurper
July 1853 to 9 February 1855 Webe Haile Mariam Usurper
Tewodros Dynasty
9 February 1855 to 13 April 1868 Tewodros II
(Theodore II)
Zagwe Dynasty
11 June 1868 to 11 July 1871 Tekle Giyorgis II
(George II )
1868 to 15 November 1868 Menelik II In rebellion
Tigray Dynasty
11 July 1871 to 9 March 1889 Yohannes IV
(John IV)
Solomonid Dynasty
9 March 1889 to 12 December 1913 Menelik II
1910 to 1910 Etege T’aytu Bet’ul, Regent For Menelik II
1910 to 1911 Ras Tesemma , Regent For Menelik II
1912 to 1913 Lij Iyasu, Regent For Menelik II
12 December 1913 to 27 September 1916 Iyasu V
(Iyasu V)
Deposed by nobles with the sanction of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church
27 September 1916 to 2 April 1930 Zauditu, Empress
1916 to 1928 Ras Tafari, Regent and Crown Prince For Zauditu; Tafari Makonnen
1928 to 1930 Ras Tafari, Negus For Zauditu; later Emperor Haile Selassie
2 April 1930 to 2 May 1936 His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie, Conquering Lion of the Tribe of Judah, Elect of God, King of Kings of Ethiopia previously named Ras Tafari; crowned 2 November 1930
Italian occupation
9 May 1936 to 5 May 1941 Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, Claimed title "Emperor of Ethiopia" Not universally recognised
Solomonid Dynasty
5 May 1941 to 12 September 1974 His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie, Conquering Lion of the Tribe of Judah, Elect of God, King of Kings of Ethiopia Restored; deposed
12 September 1974 to 12 September 1974 Asfa Wossen Emperor-designate, did not take office


Tenure Incumbent Affiliation Notes
People’s Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
12 September 1974 to 17 November 1974 Aman Mikael Andom, Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council Mil
17 November 1974 to 28 November 1974 Mengistu Haile Mariam, Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council Mil 1st Term
28 November 1974 to 3 February 1977 Tafari Benti, Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council Mil
11 February 1977 to 10 September 1987 Mengistu Haile Mariam, Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council Mil/EWP 2nd Term
10 September 1987 to 21 May 1991 Mengistu Haile Mariam, President EWP
21 May 1991 to 27 May 1991 Tesfaye Gebre Kidan, acting President EWP
Ethiopia    ኢትዮጵያ   (Ityop’iya)
27 May 1991 to 28 May 1991 Tesfaye Gebre Kidan, acting President EWP
28 May 1991 to 22 August 1995 Meles Zenawi, interim President TPLF/EPRDF
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
የኢትዮጵያ ፈደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ   (Ityop’iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik)
22 August 1995 to 8 October 2001 Negasso Gidada, President OPDO
8 October 2001 to present Girma Wolde-Giyorgis Lucha, President EPRDF


Affiliations:-

AAPO All-Amhara People's Organisation
EPRDF Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
OPDO Oromo People's Democratic Organization Omoro regionalist
TPLF Tigre People's Liberation Front Tigre regionalist
EPRP Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party socialist, 1974-1991
EWP Ethiopian Workers' Party Communist Party - only legal party 1984-1990, renounced Marxist-Leninism 7 March 1990
MEISON All-Ethiopia Socialist Movement 1976-1991, socialist, only legal party 1976-1978
WSLF Western Somali Liberation Front Ogaden regionalist, Somali separatist 1974-1989
Mil Military


See also




Last updated: 02-19-2005 11:20:58
Last updated: 04-25-2005 03:06:01