Robert Trimble (17 November 1776 – 25 August 1828) was an American attorney and U.S. Supreme Court justice.

Trimble was born in Berkeley County, Virginia to William Trimble and Mary McMillan . He was licensed to practice law in 1803. Trimble married Nancy Timberlake and the two had at least six children.

He was appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court in 1826 by President John Quincy Adams after the death of Justice Thomas Todd. Trimble served on the court until his death in Paris, Kentucky in 1828.