Persecution and the Art of Writing is a book containing five previously published essays, all dealing with the relation between politics and philosophy, written by Leo Strauss. The thesis of the book is that many ancient and early modern political philosophers, in order to escape persecution, hid their most heterodox ideas within their texts.

Throughout the book Strauss attempts to look at various philosophers in the past, and look at ways to find their esoteric meanings. In his essay on Maimonides' Guide for the Perplexed he explains how Maimonides' writings are related to hidden meanings in torah, through kabbalist treatements of the text.

Strauss goes over various ways of hiding meaning, and determines that contradiction is the most effective. The basic idea seems to be that by purposely contradicting yourself, or contradicting what is quoted, hidden meanings can be concealed in the text. For instance, if a text misattributes ideas to a classic text, you can know that those are actually the author's ideas.

Although, these things may at times be apparent, Strauss often picks up the techniques he is describing and uses them to one extent or another in his own text. The many footnotes, often containing cryptic information, are necessary to understand the text.

The essays contained in the book: "Introduction to Persecution and the Art of Writing," "Persecution and the Art of Writing," "The Literary Character of the Guide for the Perplexed," "The Law of Reason in the Kuzari," and "How to Study Spinoza's Theologico-Political Treatise."