Paul Pierre Lévy (September 15, 1886 - December 15, 1971) was a French mathematician who was active especially in probability theory, introduced martingales and Lévy flights. Lévy processes, Lévy measures , Lévy's constant, the Lévy distribution and the fractal Lévy C curve.

Lévy was born in Paris, the son of Lucien Lévy, an Examiner at the École Polytechnique . Lévy also attended the École Polytechnique and published his first paper in 1905 at the age of 19, while still an undergraduate. After graduation he spent a year in military service and then studied for three years at the École des Mines, where he became a professor in 1913.

During World War I Lévy did mathematical analysis work for the French artillery. In 1920 he was appointed Professor of Analysis at the École Polytechnique, where his students included Benoît Mandelbrot. He remained at the École Polytechnique until his retirement in 1959.