Palmyra is originally the Greek name for the Syrian caravan city of Tadmor.

Various other places have been named after Palmyra:

• In the United States of America:
  • Palmyra, Illinois
  • Palmyra, Indiana
  • Palmyra, Maine
  • Palmyra, Missouri
  • Palmyra, Nebraska
  • Palmyra, New Jersey
  • Palmyra, New York, known as the place where Joseph Smith, Jr. had his first visions that led to the founding of what is now known as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
  • Palmyra, Pennsylvania
  • Palmyra, Utah
  • Palmyra, Virginia
  • Palmyra (town), Wisconsin
  • Palmyra, Wisconsin
  • Palmyra Township, Michigan
  • Palmyra Township, Minnesota
  • Palmyra Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania
  • Palmyra Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania
  • Palmyra Atoll
• In Australia:
  • Palmyra, Western Australia

Palmyra is also a variety of palm tree.