Charles Marius Barbeau (March 5, 1883 – February 27, 1969) was a Canadian ethnographer and author.

Bon in Sainte-Marie de Beauce, Quebec , he received a law degree from Laval University and a degree in Anthropology on a a Rhodes Scholarship in Oxford University.

In 1950 he won the Royal Society of Canada's Lorne Pierce Medal.

In 1967 he was made a Companion of the Order of Canada.

Selected works

• The Downfall of Temlaham
• The Golden Phoenix, and other Fairy Tales from Quebec
• Indian Days on the Western Prairies
• Roundelays. Dansons à la ronde
• Totem Poles