Online Encyclopedia
Lists of office-holders
These are lists of incumbents, i.e. lists of people in various offices and positions, including heads of states or of subnational entities (in no particular order).
Lists of people |
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By name |
By belief |
By nationality |
By occupation |
By office held |
By prize won |
Current incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes on 2004 in politics, and past leaders on State leaders by year.
Various articles group lists by title, function or topic: e.g. abdication, assassinated persons, cabinet, chancellor, ex-monarchs (20th century), first names, head of government, head of state, lieutenant governor, mayor, military commanders, minister (and #Ministers by portfolio below), order of precedence, peerage, president, prime minister, Reichstag participants (1792), Secretary of State.
Contents |
4.1 Africa |
Religious leaders
-
Christian
- List of Bishops and Archbishops
- Current Patriarchs
-
Roman Catholic
- Popes
- Grand Masters of the Teutonic Knights
- Archbishops of Armagh - Primate of All Ireland (Catholic)
- Anglican Communion
-
Orthodox Christian
- Archbishop of Riga
- Coptic Popes
- Maronite Patriarchs
- Moscow Metropolitans and Patriarchs
- Orthodox Patriarchs of Alexandria
- Patriarchs of Constantinople
- Latin Patriarch of Constantinople
- Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem
- Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem
- List of Patriarchs of Antioch
- Greek Patriarchs of Antioch
- Syrian Patriarch of Antioch
- Patriarch of the Serbs
- other
- Judaism
- Islam
- Buddhist
See also: Religious leaders by year
Heads of International Organizations
- President of the European Commission
- United Nations Secretary-General
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- International Monetary Fund Managing Directors
- Director-General of the World Trade Organization
- NATO Secretaries General
- FIFA presidents
- International Olympic Committee Presidents
See also: List of international organization leaders in 2003, 2004
Heads of State or Government (Defunct Entities)
Ancient World
- Akkad
- Assyria
- Athens
- Babylon
- Bithynia
- Cappadocia
- Carthage
- Cyrene
- Dacia
- Egypt
- Galatia
- Hittites
- Ancient Jewish Rulers
- Kommagene
- Kush
- Lydia
- Macedon
- Mauretania
- The Medes
- Numidia
- Osroene
- Pergamon
-
Persia
- Kings of Persia, see History of Persia
- Pontus
- Rome
- Sparta
- Sumer
- Tyre
- Urartu
Middle Ages
Africa
Asia (excl. Latin, Hellenic and Arabic)
Arabic
-
Caliphates
- Abbasid Caliphs, see Abbasid
- Ayyubid dynasty of Syria and Egypt
- Fatimid Caliphs, see Fatimid
- Umayyad Caliphs, see Umayyad
- Koyunlu
- Seljuk sultans, see Seljuk Turks
- Zengid dynasty of Syria
Europe
-
Barbarian States
- Hasdingii kings, see Vandal
- Visigothic rulers, see Visigoth
- Barbarian kings of Italy
- Ostrogothic rulers, see Ostrogoth
- Frankish Kings
-
French monarchs
- Prince of Condé
- Prince of Conti
- Counts and dukes of Angouleme
- Counts and Dukes of Anjou
- Duke of Aquitaine
- Counts and Dukes of Auvergne
- Duc de Berry
- Duke of Bourbon
- Duke of Brittany
- Duke of Burgundy
- Duc de Guise
- Duke of Lorraine
- Counts and Dukes of Maine
- Counts and Dukes of Montpensier, see Montpensier
- Duke of Normandy
- Duke of Orléans
- Count of Blois
- Count of Boulogne
- Count of Champagne
- Count of Flanders
- Count of Poitiers
- Counts of Provence
- Counts of Toulouse
- German Kings and Emperors
- Georgian Kingdom
- Rulers of Kievan Rus'
-
Low Countries (Netherlands, Belgium)
- Duke of Brabant
- Dukes and counts of Guelders, see Guelders
- Duke of Lower Lorraine
- Count of Bouillon, see Duke of Lower Lorraine
- Count of Hainaut
- Count of Holland
- Count of Flanders
- Bishop of Utrecht
- Marquis of Namur
- Marquises of Montferrat, see Montferrat
- Dukes of Pomerania
- Spain
- Romanian lands
Hellenic and Latin/Crusader States
-
Byzantine Emperors
- Emperors of Nicaea, see Empire of Nicaea
- Emperors of Trebizond, see Empire of Trebizond
- Despots of Epirus, see Despotate of Epirus
- Despots of Morea, see Mystras
-
Crusader States
- Latin Emperors of Constantinople, see Latin Empire
- Kings of Cyprus, see Kingdom of Cyprus
- Kings of Jerusalem, see Kingdom of Jerusalem
- Kings of Thessalonica, Kingdom of Thessalonica
- Princes of Achaea, see Principality of Achaea
- Princes of Antioch, see Principality of Antioch
- Dukes of the Archipelago, see Duchy of the Archipelago
- Dukes of Athens, see Duchy of Athens
- Counts of Edessa, see County of Edessa
- Counts of Tripoli, see County of Tripoli
Oceania
Heads of State or Government (Modern Entities)
See also: List of national leaders (in office), state leaders by year.
Africa
-
Algeria
- Presidents of Algeria
- Heads of Government of Algeria (see also: Prime Ministers of Algeria with information specific to that post)
- Colonial Heads of Algeria
-
Angola
- Heads of State of Angola (see also: Presidents of Angola with information specific to that post)
- Heads of Government of Angola (see also: Prime Minister of Angola with information specific to that post)
- Colonial Heads of Angola
- Benin
- Botswana
-
Burkina Faso
- Heads of State of Burkina Faso
- Heads of Government of Burkina Faso (see also: Prime Minister of Burkina Faso with information specific to that post)
- Colonial Heads of Burkina Faso (Upper Volta)
- Mossi States :-
- Rulers of the Mossi State of Gurunsi
- Rulers of the Mossi State of Gwiriko
- Rulers of the Mossi State of Liptako
- Rulers of the Mossi State of Tenkodogo
- Rulers of the Mossi State of Wogodogo
- Rulers of the Mossi State of Yatenga
- Rulers of the Gurma Mossi State of Bilanga
- Rulers of the Gurma Mossi State of Bilayanga
- Rulers of the Gurma Mossi State of Bongandini
- Rulers of the Gurma Mossi State of Con
- Rulers of the Gurma Mossi State of Kuala
- Rulers of the Gurma Mossi State of Macakoali
- Rulers of the Gurma Mossi State of Nungu
- Rulers of the Gurma Mossi State of Pama
- Rulers of the Gurma Mossi State of Piela
- Burundi
- Cameroon
-
Cape Verde
- Heads of State of Cape Verde
- Heads of Government of Cape Verde (see also: Prime Minister of Cape Verde with information specific to that post)
- Colonial Heads of Cape Verde
- Central African Republic
- Chad
-
Comoros
- Heads of State of the Comoros (see also: Presidents of Comoros, with biographical tracts)
- Heads of Government of the Comoros
- Colonial Heads of the Comoros
- Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Zaire/'Congo-Kinshasa')
- Congo, Republic of the (Congo-Brazzaville)
- Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Equatorial Guinea
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
- Gabon
- The Gambia
-
Ghana
- Governors-General of Ghana
- Presidents of Ghana
- Colonial Heads of Ghana (Gold Coast)
- Colonial Heads of Danish Gold Coast
- Colonial Heads of Dutch Gold Coast
- Akan states
- Rulers of the Akan state of Adanse
- Rulers of the Akan state of Akuapem
- Rulers of the Akan state of Akuapem Anafo
- Rulers of the Akan state of Akuapem Guan
- Rulers of the Akan state of Akuapem Okere
- Rulers of the Akan state of Akyem Abuakwa
- Rulers of the Akan state of Akyem Bosume
- Rulers of the Akan state of Akyem Kotoku
- Rulers of the Akan state of Asante (Asanteman)
- Rulers of the Akan state of Assin Apimenem
- Rulers of the Akan state of Assin Atadanso
- Rulers of the Akan states of Akwamu and Twifo-Heman
- Rulers of the Akan state of Bono-Tekyiman
- Rulers of the Akan state of Denkyira
- Rulers of the Akan state of Dwaben
- Rulers of the Akan States of Fanti
- Rulers of the Akan state of Gyaaman
- Rulers of the Akan state of Manya Krobo
- Ewe states
- Gã (Nkran) (Accra)
- Northern States
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Kenya
- Kongo
- Lesotho
- Liberia
- Libya
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Mauritius
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Namibia
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Rwanda
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- Senegal
- Seychelles
- Sierra Leone
- Somalia
- South Africa
- Sudan
- Swaziland
- Tanzania
- Togo
- Tunisia
- Uganda
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
America, Central and the Caribbean
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Belize
- British Virgin Islands
- Costa Rica
- Cuba
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- El Salvador
- Grenada
- Guatemala
- Haiti
- Honduras
- Jamaica
- Nicaragua
- Panama
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Saint Lucia
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Windward Islands
America, North
-
Canada
- Governors General of Canada (1867-)
-
Cabinet of Canada
- Prime Ministers of Canada (1867-)
- Deputy Prime Ministers of Canada (1977-)
- Ministers of Agriculture (1867-)
- Ministers of Canadian Heritage (1996-)
- Ministers of Citizenship and Immigration (1994-)
- Ministers of the Environment (1971-)
- Ministers of Finance (1867-)
- Ministers of Fisheries and Oceans (1979-)
- Ministers of Foreign Affairs (1995-)
- Ministers of Forestry (1990-1995)
- Ministers of Health (1944-)
- Ministers of Human Resources Development (1996-2003)
- Ministers of Indian Affairs and Northern Development (1966-)
- Ministers of Industry (1995-)
- Ministers of Industry, Science and Technology (1990-1995)
- Ministers of Intergovernmental Affairs (1993-)
- Ministers for International Cooperation (1996-)
- Ministers of International Trade (1983-)
- Ministers of Justice (1867-)
- Ministers of National Defence (1923-)
- Ministers of Natural Resources (1995-)
- Ministers of Pensions and National Health (1928-1944)
- Ministers of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness (2003-)
- Ministers of Public Works and Government Services (1996-)
- Ministers of Veterans Affairs (1944-)
- Secretaries of State for External Affairs (1909-1995)
- Leaders of the Opposition (1867-)
- Members of the Canadian House of Commons
- Canadian senators
- Canadian order of precedence
- Mexico
-
United States
- President of the United States
- Members of the United States Senate (current)
- Former members of the United States Senate
- Former members of the U.S. House of Representatives
- Justices of the Supreme Court
- United States Cabinet
- Secretary of State
- Secretary of the Treasury
- Secretary of Defense (prior to 1947, Secretary of War and Secretary of the Navy)
- Attorney General (head of the Department of Justice)
- Secretary of Homeland Security
- Secretary of the Interior
- Secretary of Agriculture
- Secretary of Commerce
- Secretary of Labor (before Secretary of Commerce and Labor)
- Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
- Secretary of Transportation
- Secretary of Health and Human Services (before united with Education in the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare)
- Secretary of Education
- Secretary of Energy
- Secretary of Veterans Affairs
- Other Executive Department Positions
- Director of the CIA
- Administrators of the Environmental Protection Agency
- United States order of precedence
- Hawaiian monarchy
America, South
Asia
- Afghanistan
- Bangladesh
- Bhutan
- Brunei
-
China
- Chinese sovereigns
- Table of Chinese monarchs
- President of the People's Republic of China
- President of the Republic of China
- Premier of the People's Republic of China
- Premier of the Republic of China
- Governor of Hong Kong
- Chief Executive of Hong Kong
- Governor of Macau
- Governors and Chairpersons of Taiwan, see Taiwan Province
- India
- Indonesia
-
Japan
- Rulers of Japan (Emperors, Regents, Shoguns and Prime Ministers)
- Emperors of Japan
- Prime Minister of Japan
- Ashikaga shogunate
- Kamakura shogunate
- Tokugawa shogunate
- Korea
- Mongolia
- Nepal
- Philippines
- Singapore
- Sri Lanka
- Syria
-
Taiwan (Republic of China)
- See China entry above.
- Tajikistan
- Thailand
- Turkey / Ottoman Empire
- Vietnam
Australasia
- Australia
- Cocos islands
- Cook Islands
-
Fiji
- Chairmen of Fiji's Great Council of Chiefs
- Colonial Governors of Fiji
- Fijian Heads of State
- Governors-General of Fiji
- House of Representatives of Fiji - current membership (2004)
- Presidents of Fiji
- Prime Ministers of Fiji
- Senate of Fiji - current membership (2004)
- Speakers of the Fijian House of Representatives
-
Nauru
- Presidents of Nauru, see Politics of Nauru
- New Zealand
- Papua New Guinea
Europe
- Albania
-
Andorra
- Andorran Heads of Government
- Co-Princes of Andorra
- Austria
- Belgium
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Czechoslovakia
-
Czech Republic, Bohemia, Czech lands
- Rulers of Bohemia (Czech lands)
- Presidents of the Czech Republic
- Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic
- see also Czechoslovakia
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
-
France
- French monarchs
- Presidents of France
- Prime Ministers of France
- Foreign Ministers of France
- Interior Ministers of France
- Finance Ministers of France
- Defense Ministers of France
- Justice Ministers of France
- Education Ministers of France
- Police Ministers (1796-1818, 1852/53)
- Presidents of the National Assembly
- Presidents of the Senate
-
Germany
- German Kings and Emperors
- Presidents of Germany
- Chancellors of Germany
- Heads of State of East Germany
- Premiers of East Germany
-
Ministers of the Federal Republic of Germany
- Vice Chancellor of Germany
- Foreign Minister of Germany
- Interior Minister of Germany
- Finance Minister of Germany
- Justice Minister of Germany
- Postal Minister of Germany
- Colonial Minister of Germany
- Naval Minister of Germany
- Defense Minister of Germany
- Economics Minister of Germany
- Agriculture Minister of Germany
- Labour Minister of Germany
- Transportation Minister of Germany
- Kings of Prussia
- Rulers of Hanover
- Rulers of Bavaria
- Rulers of Württemberg
- Rulers of Saxony
- Rulers of Baden
- Rulers of Hesse
- Electors of Brandenburg, Dukes of Prussia, etc, see: Hohenzollern
- Counts, Princes of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
- Counts, Princes of Reuss
- see also: German rulers by year
- German Field Marshals
- Gibraltar
-
Greece
- Prime Ministers of Greece
- Kings of Greece (Kings of the Hellenes)
- Presidents of Greece.
- Greenland
- Hungary
- Iberian Peninsula: Spain, Portugal
- Iceland
-
Ireland
- Ireland (up to 1922)
- High Kings of Ireland
- Lords of Ireland
- Kings of Ireland
- Lords Deputy and Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
- Chief Secretary for Ireland
- Lord Chancellors of Ireland
- Attorneys-General for Ireland
- Lord Presidents of Munster
- Lords Chief Justice of Ireland (up to 1924)
- Irish Masters of the Rolls (up to the 1870s)
- Priomh Áireanna/Presidents of the Republic
-
Irish Free State, Éire and Republic of Ireland (1922-present)
- Governor-General of the Irish Free State (1922-1936)
- Presidents of the Executive Council (1922-1937)
- President of Ireland (1938-present)
- Taoisigh of Ireland (prime minister) (1937-present)
- Tánaistes of Ireland (1937-present)
- Attorneys-General (1922-present)
- Irish Chief Justices (1924-present)
- Presidents of the High Court (1924-present)
- Irish European Commissioners (1973-present)
- Irish Foreign Ministers
-
Northern Ireland (1921-present)
- Governors of Northern Ireland (1922-present)
- Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (1922-1972)
- Secretaries of State for Northern Ireland (1972-present)
- First and Deputy First Ministers of Northern Ireland (1998-2002)
- County Court Judges of Northern Ireland
- Ireland (up to 1922)
- Italy
- Latvia
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Monaco
- Montenegro
- Netherlands
- Norway
-
Poland
- Polish rulers, Timeline of rulers of Poland
- Polish Prime Ministers
- Presidents of Poland
- Dukes of Silesia
- Dukes of Mazovia
- Dukes of Greater Poland
- Dukes of Little Poland
- Dukes of Cuiavia
- Dukes of Leczyca
- Dukes of Sieradz
- Portugal
- see Iberian Peninsula above
- Romania
- Russia and the Soviet Union
- San Marino
- Serbia
- Spain
- see Iberian Peninsula above
-
Slovakia
- Historic rulers of Slovakia
- Presidents of Slovakia
- Prime Ministers of Slovakia
- Parliament leaders of Slovakia
- see also Czechoslovakia
- Slovenia
- Sweden
-
Switzerland
-
Members of the Swiss Federal Council
- Presidents of the Confederation
- Heads of the Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports, see Military of Switzerland
- Heads of the Department of Foreign Affairs: see International relations of Switzerland
- Heads of the Department of Home Affairs
- Heads of the Federal Department of Finance
- Heads of the Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications
- Heads of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs
- Heads of the Federal Department of Justice and Police
- Federal Chancellors of Switzerland
- Presidents of the Swiss National Council
- Presidents of the Swiss Council of States
- Chief Justices of the Swiss Supreme Court
- Presidents of the Swiss Diet (before 1848)
-
Members of the Swiss Federal Council
- Turkey
- see under Asia above
-
United Kingdom
- Kings of England, Scotland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom
-
Cabinet of the United Kingdom
- Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1721-present)
- Chancellor of the Exchequer (1559-present)
- Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (1972-present)
- Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (1968-present)
- Secretary of State for the Colonies (1768-1782; 1794-1801; 1854-1966)
- Secretary of State for India (1858-1947)
- Secretary of State for the Southern Department (1660-1782)
- Secretary of State for the Northern Department (1660-1782)
- Secretary of State for the Home Department (1782-present)
- Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1782-1968)
- Secretary of State for War (1794-1801; 1854-1966)
- Secretary of State for War and the Colonies (1801-1854)
- Secretary of State for Air (1918-1966)
- Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs (1925-1947)
- Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations (1947-1966)
- Secretary of State for Commonwealth Affairs (1966-1968)
- Secretary of State for Scotland (1926-present)
- Secretary of State for Wales (1964-present)
- Secretary of State for International Development (1970-1979, 1997-present)
- Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (1970-present)
- Secretary of State for Education and Skills (and preceding positions, 1902-present)
- Secretary of State for Employment (and preceding positions, 1916-present)
- Secretary of State for Transport (and preceding positions, 1924-present)
- Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport (and preceding positions, 1992-present)
- Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (1972-present)
- Secretary of State for the Environment (1970-1997)
- Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions (1997-2001)
- Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (2001-present)
- Lord Chancellor (1068-present)
- Lord President of the Council (1678-present)
- Lord Privy Seal (1307-present)
- Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (and preceding positions, 1889-2001)
- First Lord of the Admiralty, see Admiralty
- Master-General of the Ordnance (1544-1855)
- President of the Board of Trade (1696-1782; 1784-present)
- Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (1413-present), see Duchy of Lancaster
- Postmaster General (1823-1968)
- Paymaster of the Forces (1661-1836)
- Master-General of the Ordnance (1544-1855)
- Master of the Mint (1572-1869)
- Treasurer of the Navy (1544-1836)
- Secretary at War (1661-1863)
- First Commissioner of Woods and Forests (1810-1851)
- First Commissioner of Works (1851-1937)
- President of the Poor Law Board (1834-1871)
- President of the Local Government Board (1871-1919)
- Secretary for Scotland (1885-1926)
-
HM Treasury
- Chancellor of the Exchequer
- Lord Treasurers (1126-1714)
- First Lord of the Treasury (1714-1905)
- Commissioners of the Treasury (1714-present)
- Leader of the House of Commons (1721-present)
- Great Officers of State
- Officers of the Royal Household
- Legal Officers
- Judges
- Lord Chief Justice
- Master of the Rolls
- Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas (to 1873)
- Chief Baron of the Exchequer (to 1873)
- Members of Parliament elected in 2001
- Members of the House of Lords
- Judiciary
- Duke of Devonshire
- Bailiffs of Guernsey
- Tenants of Herm
- Bailiffs of Jersey
- Duke of Norfolk
- Seigneurs of Sark
- Tenants of Brecqhou
- Isle of Man
- Rulers of Wales
- Commissioners of the British Antarctic Territory
- High Commissioners of the British Antarctic Territory
- United Kingdom order of precedence
- Vatican City
Middle East
- Egypt
- Iran and Persia
-
Iraq
- Civilian Administrator of Iraq
- President of Iraq
- Prime Ministers of Iraq
- Kings of Iraq
- U.S. most-wanted Iraqis (mostly incumbents of 2003)
- Israel
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Oman
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- Syria
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen
Heads of modern subnational entities
Australia
Belgium
Canada
See also: Canadian history timeline for the premiers in any given year
Finland
France
Germany
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India
Sweden
United States
- Governors of American Samoa
- Governors of Guam
- Governors of Northern Mariana Islands
- Governor of Puerto Rico
- Governors of U.S. Virgin Islands
Ministers by portfolio
- defence minister
- List of ministers of the environment
- finance minister
- foreign minister
- interior minister
Municipal leaders
Argentina
Australia
Canada
- Mayors of London, Ontario
- Mayors of Montreal, Quebec
- Mayors of Ottawa, Ontario
- Mayors of Toronto, Ontario
- Mayors of Vancouver, British Columbia
Germany
Irish Republic
- Lord Mayor of Dublin, Ireland
United Kingdom
- List of heads of London government
- Lord Mayor of London, UK, head of the Corporation of London (not to be confused with the Mayor of London)
USA
- Mayors of Baltimore, Maryland
- Mayors of Bloomington, Minnesota
- Mayors of Chicago
- Mayors of Coon Rapids, Minnesota
- Mayors of Dallas, Texas
- Mayors of Denver, Colorado
- Mayors of Detroit, Michigan
- Mayors of El Paso, Texas
- Mayors of Houston, Texas
- Mayors of Las Vegas, Nevada
- Mayors of Littleton, Colorado
- Mayors of Los Angeles, California
- Mayors of Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Mayors of Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Mayors of New York City
- Mayors of Raleigh, North Carolina
- Mayors of Sacramento, California
- Mayors of Vancouver, Washington
- Mayors of Washington, D.C.
External links
- http://rulers.org - detailed lists from 1700.
- http://www.friesian.com/philhist.htm - lists of incumbents including historical analysis of their eras.
- http://www.kessler-web.co.uk/HistoryFiles.htm - list of rulers of all states.