Former capital city
|
Country, empire
|
Since |
Until |
Change, reason |
Vlorë
|
Albania
|
1912 |
1920 |
moved to Tirana
|
Melbourne
|
Australia
|
1901 |
1927 |
moved to Canberra because of rivalry between Melbourne and Sydney
|
St. George
|
Bermuda (Brit.)
|
|
1815 |
moved to Hamilton
|
Salvador da Bahia
|
Brazil (Portuguese colony)
|
1549 |
1763 |
moved to Rio de Janeiro
|
Rio de Janeiro
|
Brazil (Portuguese colony, Brazilian Empire and Republic)
|
1763 |
1960 |
moved to Brasília
|
Belize City
|
British Honduras
|
|
1970 |
moved to Belmopan
|
Kingston
|
Canada
|
1841 |
1843 |
moved to Montreal
|
Montreal
|
Canada
|
1843 |
1849 |
moved to Toronto
|
Toronto
|
Canada
|
1849 |
1859 |
moved to Quebec City
|
Quebec City
|
Canada
|
1859 |
1865 |
moved to Ottawa
|
Chan Santa Cruz
|
Chan Santa Cruz
|
c.1852 |
1901 |
became part of Mexico
|
Anyang
|
China see: Capital of China
|
Chang'an
|
Chengdu
|
Chongqing
|
Datong
|
Hangzhou
|
Hao
|
Hsinking
|
Kaifeng
|
Luoyang
|
Nanjing
|
Ye
|
Léopoldville
|
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
|
1960 |
1966 |
renamed Kinshasa |
Grand Bassam
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
1893 |
1900 |
moved to Bingerville
|
Bingerville
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
1900 |
1933 |
moved to Abidjan
|
Abidjan
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
1933 |
1983 |
moved to Yamoussoukro
|
Ciudad Trujillo
|
Dominican Republic
|
1930 |
1961 |
renamed Santo Domingo after the death of Trujillo
|
Roskilde
|
Denmark
|
10th century |
1443 |
moved to Copenhagen
|
Winchester
|
England
|
10th century |
12th century |
moved to London
|
Turku
|
Finland (Grand Duchy)
|
13th century |
1812 |
moved to Helsinki
|
Memphis
|
Egypt |
|
|
|
Lavuka |
Fiji (Brit.)
|
|
|
moved to Suva
|
Vichy
|
France
|
1940 |
1942 |
capital of Vichy France régime
|
Berlin
|
German Empire
|
1871 |
1949 |
Separation of Germany to East and West Germany
|
Plön
|
German Empire
|
1945 |
1945 |
Capital of the Dönitz government after Berlin was captured by the Soviet Union
|
East Berlin
|
East Germany
|
1949 |
1990 |
Berlin, country ceased to exist after re-unification of Germany
|
Bonn
|
West Germany
|
1949 |
1990 |
Berlin, country ceased to exist after re-unification of Germany
|
Cape Coast
|
Gold Coast (Brit.)
|
|
1877 |
moved to Accra
|
Nafplion
|
Greece
|
1821 |
1836 |
moved to Athens
|
Bolama
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
1879 |
1941 |
moved to Bissau
|
Boe
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
1973 |
1974 |
moved back to Bissau
|
Lahaina
|
Hawaii (Hawaiian monarchy)
|
|
1840 |
moved to Honolulu
|
Calcutta
|
India (British)
|
|
1912 |
moved to New Delhi
|
Simla
|
India (British)
|
|
|
Summer capital |
Torino
|
Italy, Kingdom of
|
1861 |
1865 |
moved to Florence
|
Florence
|
Italy, Kingdom of
|
1865 |
1871 |
moved to Rome
|
Heijo-kyo (Nara)
|
Japan (Nara period)
|
|
784 |
|
Kyoto
|
Japan
|
|
1868 |
moved to Tokyo (see also: Capital of Japan debate)
|
Alma-Atta
|
Kazakhstan
|
1992 |
1993 |
renamed Almaty |
Almaty (Alma-Atta)
|
Kazakhstan
|
1993 |
1998 |
moved to Astana
|
Jerusalem
|
Kingdom of Jerusalem
|
1099 |
1187 |
moved to Acre (Jerusalem captured by Saladin)
|
Acre
|
Kingdom of Jerusalem
|
1187 |
1291 |
Kingdom ceases to exist |
Kaunas
|
Lithuania
|
1922 |
1940 |
moved back to Vilnius
|
Płock
|
Masovia
|
c.1038 |
1047 |
Masovia reincorporated into Poland
|
Płock
|
Masovia
|
1138 |
1313 |
moved to Czersk |
Czersk |
Masovia
|
1313 |
1413 |
moved to Warsaw
|
Warsaw
|
Masovia
|
1413 |
1526 |
Masovia reincorporated into Poland
|
Iaşi
|
Moldavia
|
|
1862 |
unified with Wallachia to form Romania
|
Cetinje
|
Montenegro
|
|
1946 |
moved to Podgorica
|
Auckland
|
New Zealand
|
|
1865 |
moved to Wellington
|
Lagos
|
Nigeria
|
|
1991 |
moved to Abuja
|
Trondheim
|
Norway
|
997 |
1070 |
moved to Bergen
|
Bergen
|
Norway
|
1070 |
1299 |
moved to Oslo
|
Oslo
|
Norway
|
1299 |
1624 |
renamed Christiania
|
Christiania
|
Norway
|
1624 |
1924 |
renamed Oslo
|
Karachi
|
Pakistan
|
|
1959 |
moved to Rawalpindi
|
Rawalpindi
|
Pakistan
|
|
1967 |
moved to Islamabad
|
Quezon City
|
Philippines
|
1948 |
1976 |
moved to Manila
|
Gniezno
|
Poland
|
10th century |
1038 |
moved to Krakow
|
Poznań
|
Poland
|
10th century |
1038 |
moved to Kraków
|
Kraków
|
Poland
|
1038 |
1079 |
moved to Płock
|
Płock
|
Poland
|
1079 |
1138 |
moved to Kraków
|
Kraków
|
Poland
|
1138 |
1290 |
moved to Poznań
|
Poznań
|
Poland
|
1290 |
1296 |
moved to Krakow
|
Kraków
|
Poland
|
1296 |
1596 |
moved to Warsaw
|
Paris
|
Poland
|
1939 |
1940 |
Government in exile
|
London
|
Poland
|
1940 |
1990 |
Government in exile
|
Lublin
|
Poland
|
1944 |
1945 |
de facto capital |
Łódź
|
Poland
|
1945 |
1947 |
de facto capital |
Porto
|
Portugal, County of
|
868 |
? (1095) |
Lost of Autonomy, when regained moved to Guimarăes in 1095
|
Guimarăes
|
Portugal, Kingdom of
|
1095 |
12th century |
moved to Coimbra
|
Coimbra
|
Portugal, Kingdom of
|
12th century |
1255 |
moved to Lisbon
|
Lisbon
|
Portugal, Kingdom of
|
1255 |
1808 |
moved to Rio de Janeiro
|
Rio de Janeiro
|
Portugal, Kingdom of
|
1808 |
1821 |
moved to Lisbon
|
Moscow
|
Russian Empire
|
13th century |
1703 |
moved to Saint Petersburg
|
Saint Petersburg
|
Russian empire
|
1703 |
1914 |
renamed Petrograd |
Petrograd
|
Russia
|
1914 |
1918 |
moved to Moscow
|
Dariyah
|
Saudi state
|
|
1818 |
moved to Riyadh
|
Tulaghi
|
Solomon Islands
|
|
|
moved to Honiara
|
Saigon
|
South Vietnam
|
1954 |
1975 |
Hanoi, country ceased to exist after unification of Vietnam
|
Aden
|
South Yemen
|
1967 |
1990 |
San'a, country ceased to exist after unification of Yemen
|
Valladolid
|
Spain
|
1600 |
1606 |
moved to Madrid
|
San Sebastián
|
Spain |
19th century |
|
Summer capital |
Columbia, Texas
|
Republic of Texas
|
1836 |
1837 |
moved to Houston, Texas
|
Houston, Texas
|
Republic of Texas
|
1837 |
1839 |
moved to Austin, Texas
|
Austin, Texas
|
Republic of Texas
|
1839 |
1845 |
Texas annexed by United States
|
Aneho
|
Togo
|
1880s |
1897 |
moved to Lomé
|
Cluj
|
Transylvania
|
|
1918 |
Unification with Romania. |
San Jose de Oruńa (St. Joseph)
|
Trinidad (Spanish)
|
1592 |
1783 |
moved to Puerto de Espańa (Port-of-Spain)
|
Philadelphia
|
United States
|
1776 |
1776 |
moved to Baltimore
|
Baltimore
|
United States
|
1776 |
1777 |
moved back to Philadelphia
|
Philadelphia
|
United States
|
1777 |
1777 |
moved to Lancaster
|
Lancaster
|
United States
|
1777 |
1777 |
moved to York after one day
|
York
|
United States
|
1777 |
1778 |
moved back to Philadelphia
|
Philadelphia
|
United States
|
1778 |
1783 |
moved to Princeton
|
Princeton
|
United States
|
1783 |
1783 |
moved to Annapolis
|
Annapolis
|
United States
|
1783 |
1784 |
moved to Trenton
|
Trenton
|
United States
|
1784 |
1785 |
moved to New York
|
New York
|
United States
|
1785 |
1790 |
moved back to Philadelphia
|
Philadelphia
|
United States
|
1790 |
1800 |
moved to Washington, DC
|
Samarkand
|
Uzbekistan (SSR)
|
1925 |
1930s |
moved to Tashkent
|
Bursa
|
Ottoman empire
|
1335 |
1365 |
moved to Edirne
|
Edirne
|
Ottoman empire
|
1365 |
1453 |
moved to Constantinople (Istanbul)
|
Constantinople
|
Ottoman empire
|
1453 |
1923 |
country ceased to exist |
Port-of-Spain
|
West Indies Federation
|
1958 |
1962 |
country ceased to exist |
Câmpulung
|
Wallachia
|
13th century
|
15th century
|
moved to Târgovişte
|
Târgovişte
|
Wallachia
|
|
1698 |
moved to Bucharest
|
Taiz |
Yemen
|
1948 |
1962 |
moved to San'a
|
Mérida
|
Yucatán
|
1840 |
1847 |
reunited with Mexico
|