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List of biologists
This is a list of notable biologists. It includes zoologists, botanists, ornithologists, malacologists, naturalists and other specialities.
Do not add names, unless there is also a biography available.
A
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Humayun Abdulali (1914-2001), Indian ornithologist
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Erik Acharius (1757-1819), Swedish botanist
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Johann Friedrich Adam (18th cent - 1806), Russian botanist
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Michel Adanson (1727-1806), French naturalist (abbr. in botany : Adans.)
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Adam Afzelius (1750-1837), Swedish botanist
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Carl Adolph Agardh (1785-1859), Swedish botanist
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Jacob Georg Agardh (1813-1901), Swedish botanist
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Louis Agassiz (1807-1873), zoologist
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Alexander Agassiz (1835-1910), zoologist
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Nikolaus Ager (1568-1634), French botanist
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William Aiton (1731-1793), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany : Aiton)
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Boyd Alexander (1973-1910), English ornithologist
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Horace Alexander, (1889-1989), English ornithologist
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Wilfred Backhouse Alexander (1885-1965), English ornithologist
- Alfred William Alcock, (1859-1933), British naturalist
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Salim Ali, (1896-1987), Indian ornithologist
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Frédéric-Louis Allamand (1736 - ? 1803), Swiss botanist (abbr. in botany : F.Allam.)
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Joel Asaph Allen (1838-1921), birds, mammals
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Prospero Alpini (1553-1617), Italian botanist
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José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta (1832-1897), Portuguese naturalist
- Jakob Johan Adolf Appellöf (1857-1921), Swedish marine zoologist.
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Aristotle, (384 BC-322 BC), Greek philosopher
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Peter Artedi, (1705-1735), Swedish naturalist
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Jean Baptiste Audebert (1759-1800), French naturalist.
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Jean Victoire Audouin (1797-1841), French zoologist
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John James Audubon, (1786-1851), American ornithologist
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Richard Axel (b. 1946), Nobel prize winning physiologist
- Joseph Ayers , marine neurophysiologist and biomimetic researcher
B
Ba-Bi
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Churchill Babington (1831-1881), British archaeologist and conchologist
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John Bachman (1790-1874), American naturalist
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Curt Backeberg (1894-1966), German botanist (abbr. in botany: Backeb.)
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Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876), embryology
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Liberty Hyde Bailey (1858-1954),American botanist (abbr. in botany : L.H.Bailey)
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Spencer Fullerton Baird, (1823-1887), birds and mammals
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John Hutton Balfour (1808-1884), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany : Balf.)
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David Baltimore (1938- ), Nobel prize
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Joseph Banks, (1743-1820), biologist, botanist (abbr. in botany : Banks)
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Benjamin Smith Barton (1766-1815), American botanist (abbr. in botany : Barton)
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John Bartram, (1699-1777), American botanist (abbr. in botany : Bartram)
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William Bartram, (1739-1823), American naturalist (abbr. in botany : W.Bartram)
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Anton de Bary, (1831-1888), surgeon, botanist, microbiologist
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Henry Walter Bates (1825-1892), English naturalist
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Patrick Bateson, biologist, President of the ZSL
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Nicolas Baudin, (1754-1803), French botanist
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Gaspard Bauhin, biologist (abbr. in botany : C.Bauhin)
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Johann Matthäus Bechstein (1757-1822), German naturalist (abbr. in botany : Bechst.)
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Rollo Beck (1870-1950), US ornithologist
- Charles Emerson Beecher (1856-1904), US invertebrate paleontologist
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Charles William Beebe, (1877-1962), biologist
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David Bellamy (born 1933), English botanist
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Edward Turner Bennett, (1797-1836), English zoologist
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George Bentham, (1800-1884), English botanist (abbr; in botany : Benth.)
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Robert Bentley (1821-1893), English botanist (abbr. in botany : Bentley)
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Claude Bernard (1813-1878), French physiologist and father of the concept of homeostasis
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Samuel Stillman Berry (1887-1984), U.S. marine zoologist
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Thomas Bewick (1753-1828), English ornithologist
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Colin Bibby (1948-2004), English ornithologist
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Gabriel Bibron (1806 - 1848), French zoologist
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Biswamoy Biswas (1923-1994), Indian ornithologist
Bl-Bu
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Liz Blackburn - Australian/US discoverer of telomeres
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John Blackwall (1790-1881), British entomologist
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Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777-1850), French zoologist
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Thomas Blakiston, (1832-1891), English naturalist
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William Thomas Blanford (1832-1905), English naturalist
- Pieter Bleeke (1819-1878), Dutch ichthyologist
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Günter Blobel, German Nobel Prize-winning biologist
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Carl Ludwig Blume (1789-1862), German-Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany : Blume)
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Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752-1840), German physiologist and anthropologist
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Edward Blyth, (1810-1873), English zoologist
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Pieter Boddaert, (1730-1795 or 1796), naturalist
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Charles Lucien Bonaparte, (1803-1857), French naturalist
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James Bond (ornithologist) (1900-1989), American ornithologist
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Franco Andrea Bonelli, (1784-1830), Italian ornithologist
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August Gustav Heinrich von Bongard (1786-1839), German botanist
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Charles Bonnet (1720-1793), Swiss naturalist
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Aimé Bonpland (1773-1858), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Bonpl.)
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Antonina Georgievna Borissova (1903-1970), Russian botanist
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Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc, (1759-1828), French zoologist
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George Albert Boulenger, (1858-1937), Belgian zoologist
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Jules Bourcier (1797-1873), French naturalist
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Johann Friedrich von Brandt, (1802-1879), German naturalist (abbr. in botany : Brandt)
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Christian Ludwig Brehm, (1787-1864), German ornithologist
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Alfred Brehm, (1829-1884), German zoologist
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Thomas Mayo Brewer (1814-1880), American naturalist
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William Brewster (ornithologist) (1851-1919), American ornithologist
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Mathurin Jacques Brisson (1723-1806), French zoologist.
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Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859-1934), US Botanist (abbr. in botany : Britton)
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Adolphe Theodore Brongniart (1801-1876), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Brongn.)
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James H. Brown, American ecologist.
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Robert Brown (botanist), (1773-1858), botanist (abbr. in botany : R.Br.)
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Morten Thrane Brunnich (1737-1827), Danish zoologist
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Francis Buchanan-Hamilton (1762-1829), Scottish zoologist and botanist
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Stephen L. Buchmann, co-author of Forgotten Pollinators
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Linda B. Buck, (born 1947), American physiologist, Nobel prize winner
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Samuel Botsford Buckley (1809-1884), American naturalist (abbr. in botany : Buckley)
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Buffon (1707-1788) French naturalist (abbr. in botany : Buffon)
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William Bullock (1773-1849), English naturalist
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Walter Buller (1838-1906), New Zealand naturalist
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James Bulwer (1794-1879), English naturalist and conchologist
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Alexander G. von Bunge (1803-1890), German-Russian zoologist
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Luther Burbank, (1849-1926), American horticulturalist
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Hermann Burmeister (1807-1892), German zoologist
C
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Jean Cabanis (1816-1906), German ornithologist
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George Caley (1770-1829), English botanist
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Rudolf Jakob Camerarius (1665-1721), German botanist
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Frederick Campion Steward (1904-1993), British botanist
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Augustin Pyrame de Candolle (1778-1841), Swiss botanist
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Elie-Abel Carrière (1818-1896), French botanist
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Clodoveo Carrión Mora (1883-1957), Ecuadorian paleontologist and naturalist
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Rachel Carson (1907-1964), biologist, author of Silent Spring
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George Washington Carver (1860-1943), US botanist
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John Cassin (1813-1869), American ornithologist
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Alexandre de Cassini (1781-1832), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Cass.)
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Mark Catesby (1683-1749), English naturalist
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Andrea Cesalpino (1519-1603), Italian botanist
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Francesco Cetti (1726-1778), Italian zoologist
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Adelbert von Chamisso (1781–1838), German botanist
- Min Chueh Chang (1908-1991), biologist
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Frank Michler Chapman (1864-1945), ornithologist
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Carl Chun (1852-1914), German marine biologist
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Stanley Cohen, biologist
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Henry Boardman Conover (1892-1950), US ornithologist
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Timothy Abbott Conrad (1803-1877), American malacologist
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James Graham Cooper (1830-1902), American naturalist
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William Cooper (1798-1864), American conchologist
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Edward Drinker Cope (1840-1897), fish, reptiles, paleontology
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Charles Coquerel (1822-1867), French navy surgeon and entomologist
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Charles B. Cory (1857-1921), American ornithologist
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Elliott Coues (1842-1899), US ornithologist
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Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer (1907-2004), South African zoologist
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Jacques Cousteau, French marine biologist and explorer
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Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar (1786-1845), German zoologist
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Francis Crick (born 1916), DNA scientist
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Nicholas Culpeper (1616–1654), English botanist
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Allan Cunningham (botanist) (1791-1839), English botanist
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William Curtis (1746-1799), English botanist
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Georges Cuvier (1769-1832), French naturalist.
D
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Anders Dahl, (1751-1789), (namesake of the Dahlia)
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W.H. Dall (1845-1927), American naturalist and malacologist.
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Charles Darwin (1809-1882), British evolutionist
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Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802), doctor, naturalist, grandfather of Charles
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Armand David (1826-1900), French zoologist and botanist
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Richard Dawkins (born 1941), British evolutionary biologist
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Anton de Bary (1831-1888), German botanist and mycologist
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Pierre Antoine Delalande (1787-1823), French naturalist
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Max Delbrück, German biologist
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Richard Dell (1920-2002), New Zealand malacologist
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Stefano Delle Chiaje (1794 - 1860), Italian zoologist
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Paul Émile de Puydt (1810-1888), Belgian botanist
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Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Breau, French naturalist
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René Louiche Desfontaines (1750-1833), French botanist
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Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest (1784-1838), French zoologist
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Ernst Dieffenbach (1811-1855), German naturalist
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Johann Jacob Dillenius (1684-1747), German botanist
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Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-1975), biologist
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Rembert Dodoens (1517-1585), Flemish botanist
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David Don (1799-1841), British botanist
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James Donn (1758–1813) English botanist
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Anton Dohrn (1840-1909), German marine biologist
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Alcide d'Orbigny (1802-1857), French naturalist
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Jean Dorst (1924-2001), French ornithologist
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David Douglas (1799-1834), Scottish botanist
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Jonas C. Dryander (1748-1810), Swedish botanist
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Renato Dulbecco, biologist
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André Marie Constant Duméril (1774 - 1860), French zoologist
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Michel Felix Dunal (1789-1856), French botanist
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Robin Dunbar (born 1947), biologist
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Gerald Durrell (1925-1995), British naturalist
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Leonardo Da Vinci, known as an artist but mostly a biologist. Dissected hundreds of specimens and drew exact copies of it.
E
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Sylvia Earle, biologist
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Gerald Edelman, (born 1929) Nobel Prize for immunology work, later work in neuroscience
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George Edwards (1693-1773), British naturalist
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Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, (1795-1876), German biologist and microscopist
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Paul Ehrlich, (1854-1915), German Nobel Prize-winning immunologist
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Theodor Eimer (1843-1898), German zoologist
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Daniel Giraud Elliot, (1835-1915), American zoologist
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Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher (1804-1849), Austrian botanist
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George Engelmann (1809-1884), German-American botanist
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Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben (1744-1777), German naturalist.
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Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz (1793-1831), Baltic German biologist and explorer, namesake of the California poppy
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Constantin von Ettingshausen (1826-1897), Austrian botanist
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Thomas Campbell Eyton, (1809-1880), English naturalist
F
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Jean Henri Fabre, (1823-1915), French entomologist
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Johan Christian Fabricius, (1745-1808), Danish entomologist
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David Fairchild (1869-1954), American botanist
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Hugh Falconer, (1808-1865), Scottish paleontologist
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Leonardo Fea, (1852-1903), Italian zoologist
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Christoph Feldegg (1780-1845), Austrian naturalist
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Howard Barraclough Fell1917-1994), English zoologist
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Otto Finsch (1839-1917), German naturalist
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Johann Fischer von Waldheim (1771-1853), German entomologist
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James Fisher, (1922-1970), English ornithologist
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Ronald Fisher, (1890-1962), British biologist and statistician, one of the founders of population genetics
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Jim Flegg, British ornithologist
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Alexander Fleming, (1881-1955), British medical scientist
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Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher (?) English entomologist
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Howard Walter Florey, co-inventor of penicillin
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E.B. Ford (1901-1988) British ecological geneticist
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Peter Forsskål (1732-1763), Swedish naturalist
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Georg Forster (1754-1794), German naturalist
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Johann Reinhold Forster (1729-1798), German naturalist
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Robert Fortune (1813-1880), Scottish botanist
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Dian Fossey, (1932-1985), zoologist
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Rosalind Franklin, (1920-1958), contributor to the discovery of the structure of DNA
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Elias Magnus Fries, (1794-1878), (one of the founders of modern mushroom taxonomy)
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Imre Frivaldszky (1799-1870), Hungarian botanist
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Leonhart Fuchs (1501–1566), German botanist
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Louis Agassiz Fuertes, (1874-1927), American ornithologist
G
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Joseph Gaertner (1732-1791), German botanist
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François Gagnepain (1866-1952), French botanist
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Joseph Paul Gaimard (1796-1858), French naturalist
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William Gambel (1823-1849), American naturalist
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Prosper Garnot (1794-1838), French naturalist
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Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré (1789-1854), French botanist
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Howard Scott Gentry (1903-1993), American botanist
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John Gerard (1545–1611/12), English botanist
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Conrad von Gesner (1516-1565), Swiss naturalist
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Luca Ghini (1490-1566), Italian botanist
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Charles Frédéric Girard, (1822-1895), French biologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist
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Johann Friedrich Gmelin, (1748-1804), German naturalist (bot. abbr.: J.F.Gmel.)
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Johann Georg Gmelin, (1709-1755), German naturalist (bot. abbr.: J.G.Gmel.)
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Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin, (1744-1774), German botanist (bot. abbr. : S.G.Gmel.)
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Frederick DuCane Godman (1834-1919), English naturalist and ornithologist
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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832), (part-time;)
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Jane Goodall (born 1934), US zoologist
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George Gordon (1806-1879), British botanist
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Philip Henry Gosse (1810-1888), English naturalist
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John Gould (1804-1881), English ornithologist
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Stephen Jay Gould (1941-2002), US paleontologist
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Alfred Grandidier (1836-1921), French naturalist and explorer
- Pierre-Paul Grassé (1895-1985), French zoologist
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Asa Gray (1810-1888), US botanist
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George Robert Gray (1808-1872), English zoologist
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J.E. Gray (1800-1875), British zoologist
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Andrew Jackson Grayson (1819-1869), American ornithologist
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Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon (1862-1933), British ornithologist
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Jan Frederik Gronovius (1690-1762), Dutch botanist
- Pavel Groselj , (1883-1940), biologist and belletrist
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Felix Edouard Guerin-Meneville (1799-1874), French entomologist
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Johann Anton Güldenstädt (1745-1781), German naturalist
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Johann Ernst Gunnerus (1718-1773), Norwegian botanist
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Albert C. L. G. Günther (1830–1914), British/German zoologist
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Guranda Gvaladze (born 1932), Georgian botanist
H
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Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919), German physician
- Hermann August Hagen (1817-1893), German entomologist
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J. B. S. Haldane (1892-1964), biologist
- Christopher A. Hall
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William Donald Hamilton (1936-2000), British biologist
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Thomas Hardwicke (1755-1835), English naturalist
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Richard Harlan (1796-1843), American naturalist, zoologist, physicist and paleontologist
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Ernst Hartert (1859-1933), German ornithologist
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Gustav Hartlaub (1814-1900), German zoologist
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Karl Theodor Hartweg (1812-1871), German botanist
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Hans Hass (born 1919), Austrian biologist
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Frederik Hasselquist (1722-1752), Swedish naturalist
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Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of Tweeddale (1824-1878), English ornithologist
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Wilhelm Hemprich (1796-1825), German naturalist
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Willi Hennig (1913-1976) German biologist, founder of cladistics
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John Stevens Henslow (1796-1861), English botanist
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Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800-1894), English naturalist
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Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg (1766-1849) German botanist, entomologist and ornithologist
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Jacques Bernard Hombron (1798-1852), French naturalist
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Leroy Hood (1939- ), M.D., Ph.D. American biochemist, developed high speed automated DNA sequencer.
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Robert Hooke (1635-1703), British scholar
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Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911), British botanist
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William Jackson Hooker (1785-1865), British botanist
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Thomas Horsfield (1773-1859), American naturalist
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Albert Howard (1873-1947), British botanist
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Eliot Howard (1873-1940), English ornithologist
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Sarah Blaffer Hrdy biologist
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François Huber (1750-1831), Swiss naturalist
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William Henry Hudson (1841-1922), Argentinian-British ornithologist
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Alexander von Humboldt, (1769-1859), German naturalist
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Allan Octavian Hume (1829-1912), British ornithologist
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Rob Hume, British ornithologist
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Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895), British scientist
- Alpheus Hyatt (1838-1902), US neo-Lamarckian
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Libbie Hyman (1888-1969), zoologist
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Josef Hyrtl (1810-1894), Austrian anatomist
I
J
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François Jacob, (born 1920), French biologist, Nobel Prize
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Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727-1817), Austrian botanist
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William Jardine (naturalist) (1800-1874), Scottish naturalist
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Feliks Pawel Jarocki (1790-1865), Polish zoologist
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Daniel H. Janzen (1939- ), American entomologist and ecologist
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Thomas C. Jerdon (1811-1872), British zoologist and botanist
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Wilhelm Johannsen, (1857-1927), (coined the term gene)
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David Starr Jordan (1851-1931), ichthyologist, 1st president of Stanford
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Adrien-Henri de Jussieu, (1797-1853), French botanist
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Antoine de Jussieu, (1686-1758), French naturalist
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Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, (1748-1836), botanist, biologist (botanical abbr.: Juss.)
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Bernard de Jussieu, (1699-1777), French naturalist
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Ernest Everett Just, biologist
K
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Zbigniew Kabata (born 1924), Polish parasitologist
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Pehr Kalm, (1716-1779), Swedish botanist
- Motoderu Kamo , cultivated kimjongilia
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Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten (1817-1908), German botanist
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Stuart Kauffman, biologist
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Johann Jakob Kaup, (1803-1873), German naturalist
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Janet Kear (1933-2004), English ornithologist
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Robert Kerr (writer) (1755-1813), published The Animal Kingdom in 1792
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Motoo Kimura, biologist
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Norman Boyd Kinnear (1882-1957), Scottish zoologist
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William Kirby, (1759-1850), English entomologist
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Heinrich von Kittlitz (1799-1874), German naturalist
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Karl Koch (botanist), (1809-1879), German botanist
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Robert Koch, (1843-1910), German Nobel Prize-winning physician and bacteriologist
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Alexander Koenig (1858-1940), German naturalist
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Albert von Kolliker (1817-1905), Swiss physiologist
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Charles Konig (1774-1851), German naturalist
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Arthur Kornberg, (born 1918), discovered DNA polymerase
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Hans Adolf Krebs, (1900-1981) German Biochemist and Nobel laureate
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Gerard Krefft (1830-1881), German-born Australian zoologist and palaeontologist
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Heinrich Kuhl (1797-1821), German zoologist
L
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Henri Laborit (1914-1995), French surgeon and physiologist
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Bernard Germain Étienne de la Ville, Comte de Lacépède, (1756-1825), French naturalist
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David Lack (1910-1973), British ornithologist
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Frédéric de Lafresnaye (1783-1861), French ornithologist
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Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829), coiner of the term biology (abbr. in botany : Lam.)
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Aylmer Bourke Lambert (1761-1842), British botanist
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Hugh Lamprey, (1928-1996), British ecologist
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John Latham (1740-1837), English naturalist
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Pierre André Latreille (1762-1833), French entomologist
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George Newbold Lawrence (1806-1855), American ornithologist
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William Elford Leach (1790-1836) English zoologist and marine biologist
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Louis Leakey (1903-1972), British archaeologist
- Joseph Le Conte , (1823-1901), physiologist
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Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723), developer of the microscope
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François Leguat (1637 - 1735), French naturalist
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Joseph Leidy (1823-1891), US paleontologist
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Johann Philipp Achilles Leisler (1771-1813), Dutch naturalist
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Juan Lembeye (1816-1889), Spanish naturalist
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Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour (1773-1826), French botanist
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Rene Primevere Lesson (1794-1849), French naturalist
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Charles Alexandre Lesueur (1778-1846), French naturalist
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François Le Vaillant (1753-1824), french ornithologist
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Richard Lewontin (born 1929), biologist
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Emmanuel Liais (1826-1900), French botanist
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Martin Lichtenstein (1780-1867), German zoologist
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Aristid Lindenmayer, biologist
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John Lindley (1799-1865) English botanist
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Heinrich Friedrich Link (1767-1850), German botanist (abbr. in botany : Link)
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Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778), father of taxonomy
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Jacques Loeb (1859-1924), German-American biologist
- Friedrich Loeffler (1852-1915), German biologist
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Konrad Lorenz (1903-1989), Austrian founder of ethology
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Harri Lorenzi Brazilian botanist
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John Claudius Loudon (1783-1843), English botanist
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James Lovelock (born 1919), English chemist and father of the gaia hypothesis
- Anatole Stephan Loukashkin , (1902-1988), biologist
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Percy Lowe (1870-1948), English ornithologist
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Peter Wilhelm Lund (1801 - 1880), Danish zoologist and paleontologist
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Salvador Luria, microbiologist
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Richard Lydekker (1849-1915), English naturalist
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Trofim Lysenko (1898-1976), Soviet biologist and agronomist
M
Ma-Mi
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John Macadam (1827-1865), Scottish-born Australian botanist
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William MacGillivray (1796-1852), Scottish naturalist
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Marcello Malpighi, biologist
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Lynn Margulis (born 1938), American microbiologist
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Alberto della Marmora (1789-1863), Italian naturalist
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Othniel Charles Marsh, (1831-1899), paleontology
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Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794-1868), German botanist
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John Martyn (botanist) (1699-1768), English botanist
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Francis Masson (1741-1805?), Scottish botanist
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George Mathews (1876-1949), Australian ornithologist
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Paul Matschie (1861-1926), German zoologist
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William Diller Matthew (1871-1930), American paleontologist
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Polly Matzinger, Immunologist
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Carl Maximowicz (1827-1891), Russian botanist
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Harold Maxwell-Lefroy (1877-1925), English entomologist
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Ernst Mayr (1904-2005) evolutionary biologist
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Barbara McClintock, (1902-1992), biologist
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James V. McConnell, (1925-1990), American biological psychologist
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Edmund Meade-Waldo (1855-1934), English ornithologist
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Gregor Mendel, discoverer of heredity
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Edouard Menetries (1802-1861), French entomologist
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Maud Leonora Menten, biologist
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Archibald Menzies (1754-1852), Scottish naturalist
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Clinton Hart Merriam (1855-1942), American zoologist and ornithologist
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John C. Merriam, (1869-1945), biologist
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Franz Meyen (1804-1840), German botanist
- August Karl Arnold Michaelis (1847-1916), chemist
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Leonor Michaelis, (1875-1949), biologist
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André Michaux (1746-1802), French botanist
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Aleksandr Fyodorovich Middendorf (1815-1894), Russian zoologist
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Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai (1846-1888), Russian marine biologist and anthropologist
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Gerrit Smith Miller, Jr. (1869-1956), American zoologist.
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John Frederick Miller (1759-1796), English illustrator (primarily of botany)
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Philip Miller (1691-1771), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany : Mill.)
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Alphonse Milne-Edwards (1835-1900), French zoologist
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Henri Milne-Edwards (1800-1885), French zoologist
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George Jackson Mivart (1827-1900), English biologist
Mo-Mu
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Hugo von Mohl (1805-1872), German botanist
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Paul Möhring (1710-1792) German naturalist
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Juan Ignacio Molina (1740-1829), Chilean naturalist
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Jacques Monod, (1910-1976) geneticist
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George Montagu (1753-1815), English naturalist
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Luc Montagnier (born 1932), French discoverer of HIV
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Rita Levi-Montalcini, biologist
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George Thomas Moore (1871-1956) US botanist
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Alfred Moquin-Tandon (1804-1863), French naturalist
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Thomas Hunt Morgan, biologist
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Desmond Morris (born 1928), British zoologist
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Roger Morse, professor, researcher, author, on bees/beekeeping
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Desmond Morris, (born 1928), British biologist
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Guy Mountfort (1905-2003), English ornithologist
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Ferdinand von Mueller (1825-1896), German-Australian botanist
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John Muir (1838-1914), US naturalist
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Otto Friedrich Müller (1730-1784), Danish naturalist
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Philipp Ludwig Statius Muller (1725-1776), German zoologist
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Salomon Muller (1804-1864), Dutch naturalist
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Kary Mullis, (born 1944), biologist
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John Murray (1841-1914) Scots-Canadian Marine Biologist
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Otto von Münchhausen (1716-1774), German botanist
N
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Gary Paul Nabhan, (born 1952), co-author of Forgotten Pollinators
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Karl Wilhelm von Nageli (1817-1891), Swiss botanist
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Johann Friedrich Naumann (1780-1857), German founder of scientific ornithology
- John Needham , (1713-1781), English naturalist
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Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck, (1776-1858), German botanist and zoologist
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Charles F. Newcombe (1851-1924), British botanist
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Alfred Newton (1829-1907), English zoologist
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Margaret Morse Nice (1883-1974), American ornithologist
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Henry Alleyne Nicholson (1844-1899), British zoologist
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Alfred John North (1855-1917), Australian ornithologist
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Thomas Nuttall (1786-1858), English botanist and zoologist
O
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Eugene P. Odum (1913-2002), American ecologist
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Howard T. Odum(1924-2002), American ecologist
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William Ogilby (1808-1873), Irish naturalist
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William Robert Ogilvie-Grant (1863-1924), Scottish ornithologist
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Lorenz Oken (1779-1851), German naturalist
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Giuseppe Olivi (1769 - 1795), Italian naturalist
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Aleksandr Oparin (1894-1980), Russian biologist and biochemist
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George Ord (1781-1866), American ornithologist
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Eleanor Anne Ormerod, (1828-1901), English entomologist
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Henry Fairfield Osborn (1857-1935), eugenicist, AMNH curator
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Emile Oustalet (1844-1905), French zoologist
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Richard Owen, (1804-1892), biologist
P
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George Emil Palade (b. 1912), Romanian-American biologist, discoverer of ribosomes, Nobel Prize
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Peter Simon Pallas (1741-1811), Russian zoologist
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Edward Palmer (botanist) (1829-1911), British botanist
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Josif Pancic (1814-1888), Serbian botanist
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Paracelsus, (1493-1541), German alchemist
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William Paterson (governor) (1755-1810), British botanist and explorer
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Daniel Pauly, biologist
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Louis Pasteur, (1822-1895), French biochemist
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Titian Peale (1799-1885), American naturalist
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Donald C. Peattie (1898-1964), US botanist
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Jean-Marie Pelt (born 1933), French botanist
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Henri Perrier de la Bâthie (1873-1958), French botanist
-
Christian Hendrik Persoon, (1761-1836), biologist
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Paul Petard (botanist) (1912-1980), French botanist
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Wilhelm Peters (1815-1883), German naturalist
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Octavius Pickard-Cambridge (1828-1917), English entomologist
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Charles Pickering (naturalist), (1805-1878), American naturalist
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Gregory Goodwin Pincus, biologist
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Rodolfo Amando Philippi (1808-1904), German-Chilean zoologist
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Constantine John Phipps (1744-1792), English explorer
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Charles Pickering (naturalist) (1805-1878), American naturalist
- Reginald Innes Pocock (1863-1947), British taxonomist (mammals and arachnids)
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Felipe Poey (1799-1891), Cuban zoologist
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Joel Roberts Poinsett (1779-1851), US botanist
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Thomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron Lilford, (1833-1896), English ornithologist
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Karel Presl (1794-1852), Bohemian botanist
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Nicholas Michailovitch Prjevalsky (1839-1888), Russian explorer
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Alice Pruvot-Fol (1873-1972), French malacologist
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Frederick Traugott Pursh (1774-1820), German-American botanist
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Paul Émile de Puydt '(1810-1888) Belgian botanist
Q
R
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Gustav Radde (1831-1903), German naturalist
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Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781-1826), founder/first president of the Zoological Society of London
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C. S. Rafinesque, (1783-1840), zoologist who described many North American species
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Edward Pierson Ramsay (1842-1916), Australian ornithologist
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Austin L. Rand (1905-1982), Canadian zoologist
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John Ray (1627-1705), English naturalist
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Francesco Redi, biologist
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Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, (1823-1889), German orchidologist (abbr. in botany : Rchb. f.)
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Ludwig Reichenbach (1793-1879), German botanist and ornithologist (abbr. in botany : Rchb.)
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Anton Reichenow (1847-1941), German ornithologist
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Bernhard Rensch (1900–1990), German biologist
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Louis Claude Richard (1754-1821), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Rich.)
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John Richardson (naturalist) (1787-1865), Scottish naturalist (abbr. in botany : Richardson)
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Charles Wallace Richmond (1868-1932), American ornithologist
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Robert Ridgway (1850-1929), American ornithologist
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Henry Nicholas Ridley (1855-1956), British botanist (abbr. in botany : Ridl.)
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Martin Rodbell (1925-1998), biologist
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Austin Roberts (1883-1948), South African zoologist
-
Harold E. Robinson (born 1932), American botanist and entomologist
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Alfred Romer (1894-1973), specialist in vertebrate paleontology
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Robert Rosen (1934-1998), theoretical biologist
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Harald Rosenthal hydrobiologist
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Miriam Rothschild (1908-2005), British entomologist
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Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild (1868-1937), British zoologist
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William Roxburgh (1759-1815), Scottish botanist
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Karl Rudolphi (1771-1832), German physiologist
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Eduard Rüppell (1794-1884), German naturalist
S
Sa-So
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Joseph Sabine (1770-1837), English naturalist
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Julius von Sachs (1832-1897), German botanist
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Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1772-1844), French naturalist
-
Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1805-1861), French zoologist
-
Edward James Salisbury (1886-1978), British botanist
-
Richard Anthony Salisbury (1761-1829), British botanist
-
Georg Sars (1837-1927) Norwegian marine biologist
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Michael Sars (1809-1869) Norwegian taxonomist
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William Saunders (1822-1900), US botanist
-
Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (1740-1799), Swiss naturalist
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Marie Jules César Savigny (1777-1851), French zoologist
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Thomas Say (1787-1843), American naturalist
- Charles Schuchert (1858-1942), paleontology
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Theodor Schwann, (1810-1882), German physiologist
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Friedrich Schlechter (1872-1925), German botanist
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Hermann Schlegel (1804-1884) German ornithologist
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Matthias Jakob Schleiden, (1804-1881), German co-founder of the cell theory
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George Schoener (1864-1941), German-American botanist
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Johann David Schoepf (1752-1800), German botanist and zoologist
-
Heinrich Wilhelm Schott (1794-1865), German botanist
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Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber (1739-1810), German naturalist
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Leopold von Schrenck (1826-1894), Russo-German zoologist
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Georg August Schweinfurth (1836-1925), German botanist
-
Philip Sclater, (1829-1913), English zoologist
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Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, (1723-1788), Italian-Austrian naturalist
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Henry Seebohm (1832-1895), English ornithologist
-
Prideaux John Selby (1788-1867), English botanist and ornithologist
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Nikolai Alekseevich Severtzov (1827-1885), Russian naturalist
-
Richard Bowdler Sharpe (1847-1909), English zoologist
-
George Shaw, (1751-1813), English botanist and zoologist
-
Rupert Sheldrake, (born 1942), biologist
-
George Ernest Shelley (1840-1910), English ornithologist
-
Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796-1866), German botanist
- George Gaylord Simpson (1902-1984), American paleontologist
-
Rolf Singer, (1906-1994), German born mycologist
-
John Kunkel Small, (1869-1938) , American botanist (abbr. in botany : Small)
-
Andrew Smith (zoologist) (1797-1872), Scottish zoologist
-
Frederick Smith (1805 - 1879), British entomologist
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James Edward Smith (1759-1828), English botanist
-
John Maynard Smith, (1920-2004) biologist
-
Daniel Solander, (1733-1782), Swedish botanist
Sp-Sy
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Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729-1799), biologist
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Anders Sparrman (1748-1820), Swedish naturalist
-
Walter Baldwin Spencer (1860-1929), English biologist and anthropologist
-
Roger W. Sperry (1913-1994), biologist
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Johann Baptist von Spix (1781-1826), German naturalist
-
Herman Spoering (1733-1771), Finnish botanist
-
Kurt Sprengel (1766-1833), German botanist
-
Richard Spruce (1817-1893), English botanist
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Agustin Stahl (1842-1917), Puerto Rican zoologist and botanist
-
Edward Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby (1775-1851), English naturalist
-
Japetus Steenstrup (1813-1897), Danish zoologist
-
Leonhard Hess Stejneger (1851-1943), Norwegian zoologist
-
Georg Wilhelm Steller (1709-1746), Russian ornithologist
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James Francis Stephens (1792-1853), English zoologist
-
Kaspar Maria von Sternberg (1761-1838), Bohemian botanist
-
Karl Stetter (born 1941), German microbiologist
-
Nettie Maria Stevens (1861-1912), biologist
-
Gottlieb Conrad Christian Storr (1749-1821), German naturalist
-
Eduard Strasburger (1844-1912), German botanist (abbr. in botany : Strasb.)
-
Erwin Stresemann (1889-1972), German ornithologist
-
John Struthers (1823-1899) Scottish anatomist
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Carl Jakob Sundevall (1801-1875), Swedish zoologist
-
William Swainson (1789-1855), English ornithologist
-
Jan Swammerdam (1637-1680), entomologist, microscopist
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Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877), English naturalist
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Colonel W. H. Sykes (1790-1872), English ornithologist
T
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Wladyslaw Taczanowski (1819- 1890), Polish zoologist
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Armen Takhtajan (born 1910), Russian botanist
-
Coenraad Jacob Temminck (1778-1858), Dutch zoologist
-
Peter Gustaf Tengmalm (1754-1803), Swedish naturalist
-
Theophrastus, biologist
-
Johannes Thiele (1860-1935), German zoologist and malacologist
- Michael Rogers Oldfield Thomas (1858-1929), British zoologist
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Carl Peter Thunberg (1743-1828), Swedish naturalist
-
Samuel Tickell (1811-1875), British ornithologist
-
Agostino Todaro (1818-1892), Italian botanist
-
John Torrey (1796-1873), US botanist, first professional in New World
-
Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656-1708), French botanist
-
John Kirk Townsend (1809-1851), American ornithologist
-
Thomas Stewart Traill (1781-1862), Scottish doctor and naturalist
-
Abraham Trembley (1710-1784), Swiss naturalist
-
Henry Baker Tristram (1822-1906), English ornithologist
- Robert Trivers (born 1943), evolutionary biologist
-
Édouard Louis Trouessart (1842-1927), French naturalist
-
Frederick W. True (1858-1914), US naturalist
-
Bernard Tucker (1901-1950), English ornithologist
-
Edward Tuckerman (1817-1886), US botanist
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Marmaduke Tunstall (1743-1790) English ornithologist
-
Ruth Turner, marine biologist
V
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Martin Vahl (1749-1804), Norwegian botanist
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Sebastien Vaillant (1669-1722), French botanist
-
Achille Valenciennes, (1794-1865), French zoologist
-
Francisco Varela, (1946-2001) Chilean biologist
-
Nikolai Vavilov, Soviet botanist
-
Craig Venter, biologist
-
Edouard Verreaux (1810-1868), French naturalist
-
Jules Verreaux (1807-1873) French botanist and ornithologist
-
Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (1748-1831), French ornithologist
-
Nicholas Aylward Vigors (1785-1840), Irish zoologist
-
Rudolf Virchow, (1821-1902), German biologist
-
Karel Voous (1920-2002), Dutch ornithologist
W
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Johann Georg Wagler (1800-1832), German herpetologist
-
Warren H. Wagner (1920-2000), US botanist
-
Göran Wahlenberg (1780-1851), Swedish naturalist
-
Barry Wakeman (1939-2004), American naturalist
-
Charles Athanase Walckenaer (1771 - 1852), French entomologist
-
Nathaniel Wallich (1786-1854), Danish botanist
-
Benjamin Dann Walsh (1808 - 1869), American entomologist
-
Deepal Warakagoda (born 1965), Sri Lankan ornithologust
-
Charles Waterton, (1782-1865), English naturalist
-
James D. Watson, (born 1928), Nobel Prize-winning biologist, co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule
-
Alfred Russel Wallace, (1823-1913), British naturalist and biologist
-
Philip Barker Webb (1793-1854), English botanist (abbr. in botany : Webb)
-
August Weismann, (1834-1914), German biologist
-
Friedrich Welwitsch (1806-1872), Austrian botanist
-
Alexander Wetmore (1886-1978), American ornithologist
-
Gilbert White (1720-1795), English naturalist
-
John White (surgeon) (c1756-1832) English botanist
- Prince Alexander Philipp Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied (1782-1867), German explorer & biologist.
-
Charles Wilkes (1798-1877), American explorer and naturalist
-
Carl Ludwig Willdenow (1765-1812), German botanist and pharmacist (abbr. in botany : Willd.)
-
Francis Willughby (1635-1672), English ornithologist & ichthyologist
-
Alexander Wilson, (1766-1813), Scottish-American ornithologist
-
E. A. Wilson (1872-1912), English naturalist
-
Edward O. Wilson, American myrmecologist and father of sociobiology
-
Henry Witherby (1873-1943), British ornithologist
-
William Withering (1741-1799), English botanist
-
Carl Woese, American microbiologist
-
Sewall Wright, (1889-1988), biologist
-
Charles Wyville Thompson, (1832-1882) Scottish marine biologist
X
Y
Z
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