The Kingdom of Kommagene was a small Hellenistic kingdom in southern Anatolia, near Antioch, which began life as a tributary state of the Seleucids, and later became an independent kingdom, before eventually being annexed by Rome in 72 AD.

Satraps of Kommagene, 290-163 BC

• Sames I c.290-c.260 BC
• Arsames I c.260-c.228
• Xerxes c.228-c.201 BC
• Ptolemaeus c.201-163 BC

Kings of Kommagene, 163 BC-72 AD

• Ptolemaeus 163-130 BC
• Sames II Theosebes Dikaios 130-109 BC
• Mithridates I Callinicos 109-86 BC
• Antiochus I Theos Dikaios Epiphanes Philorhomaios Philhellen 86-38 BC
• Mithridates II Philhellen 38-20 BC
• Antiochus II 29 BC
• Mithridates III 20-12 BC
• Antiochus III 12 BC - 17 AD
• to Rome directly 17-38
• Antiochus IV Epiphanes 38-72