John Campbell, 5th Duke of Argyll (June 1723 - May 24, 1806) was a Scottish soldier and nobleman.

He was the son of John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll. He became a member of Parliament, and was eventually made a field marshal on July 30, 1796. He commanded, among others, the Scots Guards, and married Elizabeth, the Dowager Duchess of Hamilton. They lived in Inveraray Castle, and had two children: George Campbell, 6th Duke of Argyll and John Campbell, 7th Duke of Argyll .