Helmuth Rilling (b. May 29, 1933) is a German conductor.

He was born in Stuttgart. He is considered the world's leading expert on the music of Johann Sebastian Bach and his contemporaries. He is the first person to have prepared and recorded the complete works of J.S. Bach, a monumental task involving well over 1,000 pieces of music and spanning 170 compact discs. He is also considered an expert on romantic and classical choral and orchestral works, including the works of Johannes Brahms.

Rilling is also the co-founder and artistic director of the Oregon Bach Festival .