Frederick William Chesson (1833 - 1888) was an English journalist and prominent anti-slavery campaigner. He was active in the London Aborigines Protection Society and Emancipation Committee, and met Harriet Ann Jacobs when she was in England in 1858; and was a vocal supporter of the Union side during the American Civil War

He married in 1855 Amelia Thompson, daughter of activist George Thompson (1804 - 1878). He was also a leading supporter of Sir Charles Dilke, his Member of Parliament, during Dilke's scandalous divorce case.

He wrote on Richard Cobden, for his major biography.