Eugen Barbu (February 20, 1924 - September 7, 1993) was a modern Romanian novelist, playwright, journalist, and correspondent member of the Romanian Academy, a position which was vehemently criticised by those who contended that he plagiarized in his novel Incognito and for his anti-Semitic campaigns in the newspapers Săptămâna (The Week) and România Mare (Greater Romania) which he founded and led. He also founded, alongside his disciple Corneliu Vadim Tudor, the ultranationalist Partidul România Mare (Greater Romania Party).

In the time of the communist dictatorship of Nicolae Ceausescu, he achieved the role of master of the "intelectual" Inquisition. He was the only trusted person allowed to criticise, on both political and literary issues, the Romanian exiled intelectuals or any other writers that were interdicted for the Romanian public.

In 1977, Barbu won the Herder prize that permitted him to offer his protegé Tudor a scholarship year in Vienna.

His most famous novel is "Groapa". He wrote also movie scripts. He was married with the actress Marga Barbu .