Earl of Dumfries is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was originally created for William Crichton, 9th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar , in 1633, and stayed in the Crichton family until the death of the fourth earl in 1758, at which point the title passed to first the Dalrymple and then the McDouall families before finally being inherited by the Marquesses of Bute, where it remains today.

The subsidiary titles of the Earl of Dumfries are: Viscount of Air (created 1622), Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (1488), Lord Sanquhar (1622), and Lord Crichton of Cumnock (1633), all in the Peerage of Scotland.

Lords Crichton of Sanquhar (1488)

• Robert Crichton, 1st Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (d. 1494)
• Robert Crichton, 2nd Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (d. 1513)
• Robert Crichton, 3rd Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (?)
• Robert Crichton, 4th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (?)
• William Crichton, 5th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (d. 1550)
• Robert Crichton, 6th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (?)
• Edward Crichton, 7th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (d. 1569)
• Robert Crichton, 8th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (d. 1612)
• William Crichton, 9th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (1578-1643) (became Viscount of Ayr in 1622 and Earl of Dumfries in 1633)

Earls of Dumfries (1633)

• William Crichton, 1st Earl of Dumfries (1578-1643)
• William Crichton, 2nd Earl of Dumfries (1598-1691)
• William Crichton, 3rd Earl of Dumfries (d. 1694)
• Penelope Crichton, Countess of Dumfries (d. 1742)
• William Dalrymple-Crichton, 4th Earl of Stair (1699-1769)
• Patrick McDouall, 6th Earl of Dumfries (1726-1803)
• John Crichton-Stuart, 2nd Marquess of Bute (1793-1848)
• John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute (1847-1900)
• John Crichton-Stuart, 4th Marquess of Bute (1881-1947)
• John Crichton-Stuart, 5th Marquess of Bute (1907-1956)
• John Crichton-Stuart, 6th Marquess of Bute (1933-1993)
• John Colum Crichton-Stuart, 7th Marquess of Bute (b. 1958)