The Armanen runes are a row of 18 runes closely based on the Younger Futhark invented by, or according to his claim "revealed to", the Austrian occult mysticist and Germanic revivalist Guido von List in 1902. This vision of 18 Runes came to List while in an 11 month state of temporary blindness after a cataract operation on both eyes in 1902. This vision in 1902 allegedly opened what List referred to as his "inner eye", via which the "Secret of the Runes" was supposedly revealed to him.
List and many of his followers believed his runes to represent the "primal runes" upon which all historical rune rows were based. List claimed that his Armanen futhork were encrypted in the Hávamál of the Poetic Edda, specifically in stanzas 138 to 165, of which stanzas 146 through 164 are the "song of the 18 runes". Needless to say, this claim being based on a visionary's account exclusively, it is given no credence whatsoever in scholarly circles.
List's row is based on the Younger Futhark, with the names and sound values mostly close to the Anglo-Saxon Futhork. The two final runes, Eh and Gibor, added to the Younger Futhark inventory, are taken from Anglo-Saxon Eoh and Gyfu. Apart from the two additional runes, and a displacement of the Man rune from 13th to 15th place, the sequence is identical to that of the Younger Futhark.
- Fa (an inverted Fe)
- Ur
- Dorn (as Anglo-Saxon Thorn)
- Os (a mirrored Younger Futhark Os)
- Rit (as Reidh)
- Ka (as in Younger Futhark)
- Hagal (as Younger Futhark Hagall)
- Not (as Younger Futhark Naud)
- Is (as in Younger Futhark)
- Ar (similar to short-twig Younger Futhark)
- Sig (as Anglo-Saxon Sigel)
- Tyr
- Bar (as Younger Futhark Bjarkan)
- Laf (as Younger Futhark Logr)
- Man (as Younger Futhark Madr)
- Yr (as in Younger Futhark, but with a sound value [i])
- Eh (the name is from Anglo-Saxon Futhork, the shape like Youger Futhark Ar)
- Gibor (the name similar to Anglo-Saxon Futhork Gyfu, the shape is the Wolfsangel symbol)
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