Heinrich Anton de Bary (January 26, 1831 - January 19, 1888) was a German surgeon, botanist, microbiologist, and mycologist (fungal systematics and physiology). He is considered a founding father of plant pathology (phytopathology).

He was a professor at Strasbourg and coined the term symbiosis. He was also a teacher of Russian bacteriologist Sergei Winogradsky .