List of orders of magnitude for mass
Decade of mass |
Mass using SI prefixes
|
Mass of item |
Item |
10-35 kg |
|
7 eV/c² = 1.2 × 10-35 kg |
upper limit of the rest mass of an electron neutrino
|
10-34 kg |
|
|
|
10-33 kg |
|
|
|
10-32 kg |
|
|
|
10-31 kg |
|
510.99906(15) 1 keV/c² = 9.1093897(54) × 10-31 kg |
rest mass of an electron
|
10-30 kg |
|
|
|
10-29 kg |
|
|
|
10-28 kg |
|
105.658389(34) MeV/c² = 1.8835327(11) × 10-28 kg |
rest mass of a muon
|
10-27 kg
|
1 yoctogram (yg)
|
≈ 1.6605402 yg |
1 atomic mass unit (amu) or Dalton (Da) ≈ mass of a hydrogen atom
|
938 MeV/c² = 1.6726231 × 10-27 kg |
mass of a proton - a neutron is the same mass to 3 places (mass of neutron > mass of proton)
|
10-26 kg
|
10 yg |
≈ 30 yg |
mass of a water molecule
|
6.941 amu |
atomic mass of lithium
|
47.867 amu |
atomic mass of titanium
|
10-25 kg |
100 yg |
107.8682 amu |
atomic mass of silver
|
[259] amu |
atomic mass of nobelium
|
10-24 kg |
1 zeptogram (zg)
|
1.6605402 zg |
= 1 kilodalton (kDa)
|
10-23 kg |
10 zg |
|
|
10-22 kg |
100 zg |
|
|
10-21 kg |
1 attogram (ag)
|
|
|
10-20 kg |
10 ag |
10 ag |
mass of a small virus
|
10-19 kg |
100 ag |
|
|
10-18 kg |
1 femtogram (fg)
|
|
|
10-17 kg |
10 fg |
1.1 × 10-17 kg |
mass equivalence of one joule
|
4.6 × 10-17 kg |
increase in mass by heating 1 g of water by 1 °C
|
10-16 kg |
100 fg |
6.65×10-16 kg (665 fg) |
E. coli bacterium
|
10-15 kg |
1 picogram (pg)
|
|
|
10-14 kg |
10 pg |
|
|
10-13 kg |
100 pg |
|
|
10-12 kg |
1 nanogram (ng)
|
1 ng |
mass of a human cell |
10-11 kg |
10 ng |
15 ng |
Lethal dose of Botulinum toxin, the deadliest substance known, is about 200 pg/kg, so a 15 ng dose would kill almost anybody.
|
10-10 kg |
100 ng |
|
|
10-9 kg |
1 microgram (µg)
|
2 μg |
Uncertainty in the mass of the prototype kilogram
|
10-8 kg |
10 µg |
2.2 × 10-8 kg |
the Planck mass
|
4.6 × 10-8 kg |
increase in mass by heating 1 Mg of water by 100 °C
|
10-7 kg |
100 µg |
100 µg |
average dose of a "hit" of LSD
|
200 µg |
average lethal dose of ricin
|
10-6 kg |
1 milligram (mg)
|
≈ 0.3 mg–13 mg |
mass of a grain of sand
|
1–2 mg |
typical mass of a mosquito
|
10-5 kg |
10 mg |
10–30 mg |
Dose of DXM per labeling on most products
|
|
Caffeine in most non-coffee drinks is in the bottom half of this range. |
10-4 kg |
100 mg |
|
Caffeine in a cup of coffee is in this range. |
0.2 g |
1 metric carat
|
100–200 mg |
Maximum legal caffeine pill in United States
|
0.3 g |
average hallucinogenic dose for mescaline
|
10-3 kg |
1 gram (g)
|
1 g |
1 millilitre of water, approx.
|
~2.3 g, ~7 g |
United States dime: ~2.3 g, quarter: ~7 g, other common coins intermediate
|
10-2 kg |
10 g |
10 g |
approximate lethal dose of caffeine for an adult
|
17 g |
approximate mass of a mouse
|
24 g |
amount of ethanol in one drink
|
28.35 g |
1 ounce (avoirdupois)
|
10-1 kg |
100 g |
150 g |
average mass of an adult human kidney
|
≈ 454 g |
1 pound (avoirdupois)
|
1 kg |
1 kilogram (kg) |
1 kg |
1 litre of water, approx.
|
2–6 kg, 3 typical |
a newborn baby
|
4.0 kg |
women's shotput
|
5–7 kg |
a typical housecat
|
5–9 kg |
a pizote
|
7.3 kg |
men's shotput
|
101 kg |
10 kg |
10–30 kg |
a CRT computer monitor
|
15–20 kg |
a medium-sized dog |
70 kg |
an adult human
|
102 kg |
100 kg |
100 kg |
quintal (mainly U.S. - other countries have different definitions)
|
250 kg |
approximate mass of a lion
|
700 kg |
approximate mass of a dairy cow
|
907 kg |
1 short ton (U.S.)
|
103 kg |
1 tonne (t)
(1 megagram (Mg))
|
1000 kg |
1 cubic metre of liquid water, approx.
|
1016 kg |
1 ton (British) / 1 long ton (U.S.)
|
0.8–1.6 t |
typical passenger automobiles
|
3–7 t |
adult elephant
|
104 kg |
10 t |
11 t |
Hubble Space Telescope
|
12 t |
largest elephant on record
|
14 t |
bell of Big Ben
|
80–100 t |
mass of largest known dinosaur, the Argentinosaurus (estimate) |
105 kg |
100 t |
100 t on average |
mass of largest animal, the blue whale
|
187 t |
International Space Station
|
600 t |
Antonov An-225 (the world's heaviest aircraft) maximum take-off mass
|
106 kg |
1000 t
(1 gigagram (Gg))
|
1.5 × 106 kg |
mass of each gate of the Thames Barrier
|
2.041 × 106 kg |
launch mass of the Space Shuttle
|
107 kg |
|
1.1 × 107 kg |
estimated annual production of Darjeeling tea
|
2.6 × 107 kg = 26 000 t = 26 kt |
RMS Titanic
|
9.97 × 107 kg |
heaviest train: Australia's BHP Iron Ore, 2001 record |
108 kg |
|
6.5 × 108 kg |
mass of largest ship, Knock Nevis, when fully loaded
|
109 kg |
1 teragram (Tg) = 1 Mt
|
about 6 × 109 kg = 6 Mt |
mass of Great Pyramid of Giza
|
1010 kg |
|
6 × 1010 kg = 60 Mt |
mass of concrete in the Three Gorges Dam, the world's largest concrete structure
|
1011 kg |
|
at least 3 × 1011 kg = 200 Mt |
Total mass of the world's humans |
2 × 1011 kg = 300 Mt |
Mass of water stored in London storage reservoirs
|
1–8 × 1011 kg |
Estimated total mass of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, thought to be the most plentiful creature on the planet
|
1012 kg |
1 petagram (Pg) = 1 Gt
|
3.91 × 1012 kg = 3.91 Gt |
World oil production in 2001
|
1013 kg |
|
|
|
1014 kg |
|
2–3 × 1014 kg |
Estimated mass of rock exploded in eruption of Mount Tambora volcano in 1815
|
1015 kg |
1 exagram (Eg) = 1 Tt
|
|
|
1016 kg |
|
|
|
1017 kg |
|
1.23 × 1017 kg = 123 Tt |
Mass of a typical asteroid
|
1018 kg |
1 zettagram (Zg) = 1 Pt
|
5 × 1018 kg = 5 Pt |
Mass of Earth's atmosphere
|
1019 kg |
|
|
|
1020 kg |
|
8.7 × 1020 kg = 870 Pt |
Mass of 1 Ceres
|
1021 kg |
1 yottagram (Yg) = 1 Et
|
1.35×1021 kg |
Total mass of Earth's oceans
|
1.6×1021 kg = 1.6 Et |
Mass of Charon
|
2.3×1021 kg |
Total mass of the Asteroid Belt
|
1022 kg |
|
1.2 × 1022 kg |
Mass of Pluto
|
7.349 × 1022 kg = 73.49 Et |
Mass of Moon
|
1023 kg |
|
1.2×1023 kg |
Mass of Titan
|
1.5×1023 kg |
Mass of Triton
|
1.5×1023 kg |
Mass of Ganymede
|
3.2×1023 kg |
Mass of Mercury
|
6.4×1023 kg |
Mass of Mars
|
1024 kg |
1 zettatonne (Zt) |
4.9 × 1024 kg |
Mass of Venus
|
6.0×1024 kg = 6.0 Zt |
Mass of Earth
|
1025 kg |
|
8.7 × 1025 kg |
Mass of Uranus
|
1026 kg |
|
1.0 × 1026 kg |
Mass of Neptune
|
5.7 × 1026 kg |
Mass of Saturn
|
1027 kg |
1 yottatonne (Yt) |
1.9 × 1027 kg |
Mass of Jupiter
|
1028 kg |
|
|
|
1029 kg |
|
|
|
1030 kg |
|
2 × 1030 kg |
Mass of the Sun = 2000 Yt
|
approx. 3 × 1030 kg |
Chandrasekhar limit
|
1031 kg |
|
4 × 1031 kg |
Mass of Betelgeuse
|
1032 kg |
|
|
|
1033 kg |
|
|
|
1034 kg |
|
|
|
1035 kg |
|
|
|
1036 kg |
|
|
|
1037 kg |
|
|
|
1038 kg |
|
|
Typical mass of a globular cluster
|
1039 kg |
|
|
|
1040 kg |
|
|
|
1041 kg |
|
3.6 × 1041 kg |
Visible mass of the Milky Way galaxy
|
1042 kg |
|
2 × 1042 kg |
Total mass of the Milky Way galaxy
|
1052 kg |
|
2×1052 kg |
Mass of a critical density Universe
|
|
3 × 1052 kg |
Mass of the observable universe
|